This study explores two novice nontraditional teacher educators' identity (re)construction in different universities in Hong Kong. Drawing on data from in-depth interviews, field observation, and informal communication, the findings demonstrate how the two novice teacher educators, without formal school teaching experience, underwent different identity change trajectories (i.e., from identity conflicts to identity deficits and vice versa), influenced by their personal beliefs and aspirations as well as contextual demands in higher education. The findings provide insights into the under-researched area of nontraditional teacher educators' professional development and offer useful implications on how to prepare and develop effective and committed teacher educators in Hong Kong and similar educational contexts where teacher education is mainly housed in higher education institutions. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

According to the Hong Kong Education Bureau, the number of students with special education needs (SEN) has been on the rise. In order to cope with an increasing demand for inclusive education, professional training programmes aiming for pre-service teachers to educate students with SEN have increased locally. Guided by the theory of planned behaviour, this study aims to investigate the relations between Chinese pre-service teachers' views and self-efficacy in implementing inclusive education in Hong Kong. A total of 94 Chinese pre-service teachers were recruited at a public university to complete an online questionnaire. Controlling for age, teaching experience, and relevant training, differential effects were found between pre-service teachers' views and self-efficacy. Specifically, teachers' positive attitudes towards inclusion were related to their greater self-efficacy in implementing inclusive instructions and managing students' behaviours. Teachers' fewer sentiments about inclusion were related to their greater self-efficacy in collaborating with parents and professionals. Teachers' fewer concerns about knowledge, workload, and overall feasibility were also related to their greater self-efficacy in collaboration and behavioural management. These findings broaden the literature and inform policy makers the need to strengthen teachers' efficacy by reducing practical barriers and increasing their positive attitudes towards inclusion. Copyright © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This study examined the relationships between teachers' perceptions of faculty trust, professional learning communities, and their professional learning among a sample of 2106 Hong Kong kindergarten teachers. It analysed the differences between the effects of faculty trust in various stakeholders (i.e., colleagues, parents, and the principal). The results show that while trust in colleagues exerted a positive effect on teacher professional learning, the direct effects of trust in the principal and trust in parents were non-significant. Meanwhile, professional learning communities positively mediated the effects of teachers' perceived faculty trust on their learning. Implications for teacher learning in kindergartens are presented.
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This study argues that teachers are disempowered and demoralised moral agents. Specifically, it uses a qualitative study of Hong Kong teachers to show that teachers' agency in the pursuit of the moral goal of education is socially disempowered. The study shows that although teachers are committed to the moral goal of education, the obstacles to attaining this goal result in demoralisation. The difficulties consist of technical disempowerment (deprivation of power over one's labour) and cognitive disempowerment (deprivation of power to identify the instructional value of teachers' work), which are induced by managerialist educational reforms and school administration.
[Copyright of British Journal of Educational Studies is the property of Routledge.]

Teacher well-being is a critical factor affecting job performance and thus, significant for enhancing quality teaching. Based on the job demands-resources model, this study examines the mediating effects of teachers' self-monitoring and self-efficacy on the relationships between the emotional job demands of teaching and trust in colleagues and teacher well-being. A questionnaire was administered to 1115 primary school teachers in Hong Kong. The results highlight the maladaptive role of self-monitoring as a personal demand and the adaptive role of self-efficacy as a personal resource: self-monitoring is positively related to anxiety and depression; self-efficacy is positively related to enthusiasm and contentment and negatively related to anxiety and depression. The results not only support the beneficial role of trust in colleagues, which is positively associated with teacher self-efficacy and well-being, but also reveal the rewarding side of emotional job demands in enhancing teacher self-efficacy. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.
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Effective teaching and learning strategy is one of the most important topics in the field of teachers' professional development. Teachers' education and pre-service teachers' training programmes provide necessary coursework, field experience, and student teaching internship experience to pre-service, potential, and second career teachers who are seeking initial license status. Due to the rapid developments in Hong Kong, China, school teachers face challenges, difficulties, and social problems due to excess enrolment of teachers from different backgrounds. The regular curriculum and material also fail to cover all these issues. The current study applied the seminar technique as recommended in Polya's "Four-Step Problem-Solving Model" with targeted discussion topics and engaged 12 STEM pre-service teachers at one of the Postgraduate Diploma in Education (PGDE) programmes. The results indicated that beyond regular coursework, field experience, and internship experiences embedded in the curriculum, additional seminars allowed the participants to establish inter-disciplinary teaching strategies and critical thinking skills. The results of this study serve as a blueprint for teachers' education programme leaders and school administrators to establish similar seminars and conduct such sessions for their pre-service and in-service teachers to refresh and advance their teaching and learning strategies.
[Copyright of International Journal of Education and Practice is the property of Pak Publishing Group.]

This study used border theory to understand the learning experiences of student teachers transitioning from campus-based learning to classroom teaching. For teacher candidates learning to teach English as a second language in primary schools in Hong Kong, crossing institutional borders during practicums was highly complex, due to the conflicting expectations, agendas and cultures of university classrooms and elementary schools. School-based mentors played an important role in maintaining or dismantling institutional borders, thus enabling or constraining knowledge transfer across domains. The findings may help educators to create a third space in which student teachers can connect campus-based learning to school practice.
[Copyright of Teaching & Teacher Education is the property of Elsevier Ltd.]

Aim: To enable participants to understand the latest development of teacher education in Hong Kong, this paper aims to: (1) review the literature on the Hong Kong Teacher Competence Standards (TCSs) and the standards' implications on teacher education; (2) outline how the field experience (FE) learning framework with the application of electronic portfolio was developed to meet the TCSs; (3) report the pilot studies on the framework; (4) discuss how the framework enhance student teachers’ learning in FE; and (5) conclude and recommend the further development of the framework.Content: To uphold a high standard of teacher education for the benefit of our society, the public is greatly concerned with whether or not teachers can meet Teacher Competence Standards (TCSs). Field Experience (FE) is a cornerstone of teacher education that interconnects with theory and practice to achieve the most effective learning outcomes and meet the TCSs. An outcome-based FE learning framework was developed with an emphasis on using an electronic portfolio (ePortfolio) as a lifelong professional development tool in the context of Hong Kong. This paper will outline the design rationale, development process and three-round pilot studies of the framework after reviewing the literature on TCSs and the standards’ implications for teacher education. The findings of the studies show that the framework facilitates the student teachers to demonstrate their achievements of a teacher's holistic work in school with the learning activities used in the ePortfolio, in turn, to meet the core domains of TCSs despite some of them found difficulties in understanding the school context and applying theories. How the framework enhances FE learning will be critically analysed from the TCSs and professional development perspectives, and followed by recommendations on future development of the framework for meeting the TCSs.The Ambition of Teacher Education: This paper echoes the cutting edge and innovative practice

漢語師資培育課程設置「現代漢語」科是建基於漢語教師須具備漢語知識才能有效教授學生學習漢語的理念。筆者於2012年進行了「國際漢語教師元語言知識運用的個案研究」，分析受試者（修讀香港教育學院「國際漢語教學文學碩士課程」中「現代漢語」科的學生）在實習期間的教學實錄和反思紀錄，了解受試者能否有意識運用語言知識來教學，即探討「教師漢語元語言意識」的發展和所產生的作用。結果顯示現代漢語知識達中等水平的準教師在教學過程中運用漢語知識的意識不強。筆者因此反思漢語師資培育課程中「現代漢語」科的教學取向，於2012-2013年增加了「漢語知識在漢語教學上的運用」的小組專題報告和個人教學實習反思報告，以加強發展學生（準教師）的漢語元語言意識，提高他們運用漢語知識來加強教學成效的能力。本論文綜合分析30名學生（準教師）「現代漢語」科的學習成果，進一步探討純漢語知識學習和「教師漢語元語言意識」發展的關係，以及檢討師資培育課程中「現代漢語」科的教學策略運用。This article reflected on the traditional belief of the direct relationship between language knowledge learnt by the language teaches and their ability to teach language in the classroom. The notion of development of Teacher Metalinguistic Awareness, (hereby referred to as TMA), was discussed in the article. TMA was regarded as an important factor contributing to effective language teaching (Andrews, 1997; 1999; 2001; 2003; 2006; 2007). Assessment result of 30 students (pre-service teachers) of the Modern Chinese Course was thoroughly analyzed. The teaching strategy used in the Course was revisited based on the analysis of the assessment result. This finding would shed light on the continuous action research on the development of Teacher Metalinguistic Awareness through the teaching of Modern Chinese of a CSL Teacher Education Programme. Copyright © 2015 台灣華語文教學學會.