As a result of globalization, kindergarten curriculum frameworks in Asia have been strongly influenced by Western theories, pedagogies, and values. In this article, we argue that Singapore's Nurturing Early Learners and Hong Kong's Kindergarten Education Curriculum Guide present key notions that are inconsistent with cultural values that are deeply rooted in these two societies. To overcome the challenges these inconsistencies trigger for teachers, principals, teacher educators, and parents, we advocate for the design of 'glocal' (global/local, explicitly hybrid) curriculum frameworks, based on principles that are culturally appropriate and socially situated. Drawing on recent research studies, we analyze current curriculum/practice gaps in relation to the notions of Child-Centeredness, Quality Interactions, Creativity and Self-Expression, and Play. In seeking the global/local balance that is needed in Singapore and Hong Kong, four alternative glocal notions are proposed: Child-Appropriateness, Pedagogical Quality, Arts Engagement, and Child-Led Activities. We conclude there is an urgent need for generating a solid corpus of local research in both jurisdictions, which should guide subsequent curriculum reforms and teacher preparation models. Our final aim is to contribute to early childhood education policy discussions in Asia, against the background of internationalization. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s).

傳統或現代水墨在香港學校的視覺藝術教育中向來有待開發，站在地域上，香港自然是中西文化交融最成功地方之一，視覺藝術教育卻未正視此特質。雖然多年來偶有熱心水墨教育者申請基金舉辦活動，但正規中、小學課程仍然未能平衡中、西方藝術教育。文章通過行動研究探討在香港這特殊地理位置下，學校水墨教育可能應用的教學法。筆者在教學行動研究中加入現代和當代水墨的觀念元素和創作技法，並試以電腦方式加入草稿構想佈局，模仿傳統水墨中「搜盡奇峰打草稿」或臨摹不同古賢作品後重新結構自己作品方式－如謝赫「六法」中的「傳移模寫」後，自己重新構想「胸中幽壑」的方法。大量的電腦資料庫有助學生作構圖拼合（用 photoshop 軟件 )，省略了大量造型描摹時間，更易專注於用筆和墨韻的學習和練習。大會主題為「挑戰與轉化」，香港學校水墨畫教學應透過研究與時並進。除了考慮香港中、西文化交融的特質外，亦可以嘗試在傳統的創作媒介中結合現代主題和科技應用，讓年輕一代有機會通過學校視覺藝術教育接觸到中國傳統藝術，期望達致「轉化」學校視覺藝術教育長期忽略水墨畫教學的慣性和價值觀。 Copyright © 2020 Author(s). All rights reserved.

Members of four teams comprising local and international exchange (IE) students, who had undertaken service-learning (SL) projects in Hong Kong, were interviewed about factors influencing cohesiveness within their teams. They indicated that a major barrier was language-related and could result in the withdrawal or exclusion of IE students. Students also identified three factors that fostered cohesiveness. These were: (1) local students’ willingness to conduct meetings in English; (2) local students’ readiness to provide interpretation and translation at external meetings; and (3) the willingness of IE and local students to establish reciprocal and empathetic relationships. Students reported that the benefits were improved English language skills, greater flexibility and broadened horizons. We offer suggestions about to prepare local and IE students to work together on SL projects. Copyright © 2019 The 3rd International Conference on Service-Learning (ICSL).

This chapter considers the place of minorities in the formal Hong Kong curriculum by examining the extent and nature of representations of ethnic and religious minorities in Hong Kong “Liberal Studies” textbooks. Liberal Studies is the single required course in secondary Hong Kong education which focuses on social studies and world issues, and therefore is the primary place where one would expect to see any discussion of diversity and related issues in society in the formal, mandated curriculum. This chapter conceives of textbooks as an important part of the curriculum, which guides and steers educators and students, though it is not the only site of educative content. This is a qualitative and discursive study of how minorities are discussed in Hong Kong education, which reveals that minorities are often absent from discussion of society taking place in schools. The chapter goes on to argue that this imbalanced representation of “who” is Hong Kong harms not only minorities but also majority culture and society in Hong Kong, as it fails to provide balanced and accurate information necessary to equip students to become active participants in a democratic society. Copyright © 2018 selection and editorial matter, Yun-Kyung Cha, Seung-Hwan Ham, and Moosung Lee; individual chapters, the contributors.

This chapter firstly provides a brief historical overview on the transformation of religious education in Hong Kong. Throughout the British colonial era to China's resumption of sovereignty, the role of religion has been largely overlooked in the making of Hong Kong society, with religious education being a marginal academic subject in the formal school curriculum. Nevertheless, this chapter highlights the importance of religious education in Hong Kong society. The importance of the subject matter has been increasingly recognized given its intrinsic value in empowering students' resilience in coping with life challenges and depressing social environments. These are not outcomes that can be provided by the core academic subjects. Lastly, by considering the case of an increasing demand for Islamic education externally and internally, this chapter concludes with a new scenario setting an alternative aspiration for spirituality and religious education in Hong Kong's future. Copyright © 2021 selection and editorial matter, Kerry J. Kennedy and John Chi-Kin Lee; individual chapters, the contributors.

The Hong Kong Green School Award (HKGSA) is a school award scheme hosted by the Environmental Campaign Committee (ECC) to encourage schools to promote environmental awareness and for students to develop an environmentally-friendly lifestyle. Since its inception in 2000, the HKGSA has undergone several phases of development. Between 2000 to 2008 it took the form of a competition with 3 winning schools and 10 merit schools After an initial review in 2005, it was decided to change the 8th HKGSA from a competition format to a benchmarking process. The successfully accredited schools were given the title of Green School once they fulfilled certain requirements. Another major reform took place in the 12th HKGSA in 2013 to allow flexibility for schools to satisfy the requirements in phases by completing the accreditation to attain the gold award over a period of 3 years, the introduction of facilitators to act as mentors and the enforcing of a maximum validity period for the accreditation. This structure mirrored the sustainable schools program in Victoria, Australia. HKGSA has become a well-received accreditation scheme which can also act as a driving force to promote education for sustainable development in the school sector which in 2020 will be subsumed under the Hong Kong Awards for Environmental Excellence (HKAEE). This chapter describes the development of this initiative in Hong Kong, its framework, implementation, impact and future. Copyright © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG.