Following the education reform in 2001, the Education Bureau (EDB) in Hong Kong initiated a review of early childhood education (ECE) in 2006. The main focus of this review is the quality assurance mechanism for ECE, including the training of teachers, teaching quality, the potential pressures on teachers to upgrade their qualifications etc. This review is supported by the Chief Executive’s Policy Address (2006), which outlines concrete ways to achieve the targeted goals. This paper compares the provision of music training at four major ECE professional teacher-training institutions and examines the perspectives of in-service teachers, principals and early childhood education lecturers on the music training of ECE teachers. Using focus group interviews and survey, in-service ECE teachers expressed their general satisfaction with their pre-service training in music teaching. However, they did not feel prepared and confident enough to teach music in their schools compared to other subjects. They suggested aspects of pre-service training which would have better prepared teachers to teach music and identified three areas of professional development needs of ECE teachers in music teaching. A practical framework of professional development is also presented.
[Copyright © 2007 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

This study aimed at examining the instructional practice of Hong Kong primary physical education student teachers. Twenty student teachers were videotaped teaching two lessons during their practicum. They were coded using the Physical Education Teacher Assessment instrument. Data generated were comprehensively described. Three randomly selected student teachers participated in the second phase of the study. They were observed teaching two lessons and attended two pre-lesson and post-lesson interviews. Results indicated that the student teachers spent 73.18% of their time in instructional behaviours and 26.82% of their time in managerial behaviours. They held common features in instructional practice during teaching.
[Copyright © 2008 The International Council for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport and Dance.]

This paper reports on the design and implementation of a project for developing self-directed learning in student teachers. The study involved 20 student teachers currently enrolled at The Hong Kong Institute of Education. The study contextualized self-directed learning in the Education Projects module. Each student teacher designed and implemented a small educational research project. The Know Want Learn (KWL) method, concept map and a reflection question were used to collect data on the change in the self-directed learning capacity of student teachers. Data analysis revealed that student teachers had differential growth in selfdirected learning competence. Further, both quantitative and qualitative changes were observed in student teachers’ conceptualizations of educational research. Nevertheless, capacity remained for further improvement in their capacity for self-directed learning.
[Copyright © 2005 International Self-Directed Learning Symposium Group.]

This symposium presents four case reports of an action research project conducted by teacher educators to investigate the relationship between teaching within the Hong Kong Institute of Education and the practical context in school classrooms in Hong Kong. Each presenter shares the background, rationale, theoretical framework, research design, modes of inquiry and findings based on data collected from teaching a selected teacher preparation course or in authentic classroom situations. The interactions and reflective dialogue among team members and student-teachers of diversified background have established a collaborative culture in developing effective means of linking theories and beliefs into the practical context of schools. These best practices through action research have formed a sustainable process of inquiry transferable and adaptable to other teacher educators aspired to advance in their professional career.

This paper presents evidence that contemporary teachers in Hong Kong are confronted with professional role diffusion. The phase of stabilization, which characterized many teachers with four to six years of teaching experience in Huberman’s (1989) study, seems to have deferred. In a life history study of four teachers with six to ten year teaching experiences, the absence of a stabilization phase was found in the professional life of the informants. It is argued that the quest of excellence and accountability in school education has contributed to a prolonged period of survival and discovery phase and a rapid recurrence of stabilized and destabilized cycle.

This editorial discusses the issues and experiences of beginning teachers. The experience of reality shock for beginning teachers can be profound, influencing feelings of belonging to the profession, capacity to teach effectively, and levels of teacher retention. This editorial of Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education (A-PJTE) brings together a themed collection of articles focussed on the experience of entering the field of teaching or teacher education for the first time. The range of emotional responses beginning teachers have in response to their early experiences in classrooms comes through clearly in this collection of papers, in particular the effect that access to appropriate support and mentoring for adjusting to life as a teacher has on the confidence of a beginning teacher. With research reported from Hong Kong, New Zealand, South Africa, and Australia, the Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education provides insight into what it is like to be a beginning teacher, and reminds readers that learning to belong and contribute to a profession can be a difficult journey.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2014.969415