The purpose of this study was to compare the development of integration and inclusion between the United States and Hong Kong, and to examine the status of Adapted Physical Education in Hong Kong. The approaches and policies related special education (after 1970s) were reviewed and analyzed. A survey was conducted regarding students’ attitude about inclusion. The results suggest that Hong Kong may be closely following the international trend of moving from integration to a whole-school inclusion approach (117 integrated schools). Meanwhile, the development of separate special educational setting continues to gain momentum to cater to students’ special needs, with a rate of development stronger than that of the inclusion model (74 schools for six different type disabilities). The second focus of this study was on teacher preparation and factors influencing the development of special education. The findings indicated that, in addition to government policies, attitudes and lack of special education training for current teachers and students in teacher preparation programs were two important factors that influenced in education of students with disabilities in the regular setting. The study argues that the learning environment (includes peers and parent’s attitude; teachers’ knowledge; support services) must be well prepared before including students with disabilities into the regular school setting. Without well prepared support services such as TA or other accommodations, students with disabilities will not benefit from these educational environments.
[Copyright © 2004 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

本研究以「想法解讀」教導一位在香港主流學校就讀小一的自閉症學童。「想法解讀」是指推測別人想法的能力 (想法包括了信念、需要、意圖、感受等) 。Wing 和 Gould (1979) 認為自閉症兒童有人際關係、語言溝通及想像力三方面的認知性障礙，而一些西方學者，如 Howlin、Baron-Cohen 和 Hadwin (1999) 以「想法解讀」的理論來解釋自閉症兒童在這三方面的表現。本研究以「想法解讀」為藍本的一個本地的教材套，在十周的訓練期間，教授學童感情、想法及假想三個範疇的認知能力，結果顯示學童能夠完成感情及想法範疇的活動，假想遊戲方面則因學童欠缺想像力的關係，表現未算理想，這方面的訓練仍要加強。
[Copyright © 2007 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

融合教育的基本理念是「每個兒童均有接受教育的基本權利」，香港提倡融合教育已 40多年。本文先簡單回顧香港的融合教育發展，然後試從政策的推行、學校課程、教師和家長態度及資源多方面去探討此理念推行時所遇到的障礙。最後，筆者提出社會上不同人士對學前階段的融合教育較少關注，但此階段乃是開始融合的最好時機。
[Copyright © 2007 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of using computer and flash cards to present the reading stimulus materials to children with learning disabilities. Twenty children from Years 4 and 5 (at the ages of 10 and 11) were selected by their teachers with the criterion being that they were judged as having difficulties in reading. These children were enrolled in the Intensive Remedial Teaching Programme for Children with Learning Difficulties (IRTP), Integrated Classes or Remedial Programmes of the New Funding Mode. A total of 20 studetns from two Hong Kong primary schools were recruited for the study. The students in each school were randomly divided into two groups. One group of the students learned to read under the computer-based programme and that of the other group under the flash card programme. The stimulus materials of this study were three lists of Chinese characters. Each list consisted of 30 characters with similar orthographic features. This training programme lasted for six weeks. Comparison of the test results showed that the students in the computer-based programme outperformed those in the flash card programme.

This paper describes the processes and outcomes of the development of a set of performance indicators in the affective and social domain for use in Hong Kong primary and secondary schools. A consultative process with major stakeholders (141 schools) guided the selection of specific areas with the domains. The samples for reliability, validity and norming included some 250 schools and 55, 000 students. Overall, the final set of indicators was quite comprehensive, encompassing areas from self-concept, through interpersonal skills to leadership and goals in life. The APASO software, developed to allow schools and the system to readily gather and report outcomes, was well received by users. The paper concludes by drawing links to other research investigating the effects of inclusive practices on students’ affective and social outcomes, suggesting that the indicators developed in this paper could be useful in examining those effects in Hong Kong.
[Copyright © 2003 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]