While teacher educator identities have received increasing attention over the past decade, there is a lack of research on teacher educators' professional identities in the complex and shifting higher education contexts. Informed by the sociocultural linguistic perspective, this study investigates two language teacher educators' professional identities in Hong Kong universities. The findings show that the participants discursively constructed their identities, such as "accidental teacher educator," "teacher educator-researcher," "struggling researcher," "teacher of teachers," and "inactive researcher" in their professional work. By drawing on the three interrelated processes of identity formation (i.e. adequation/distinction, authentication/denaturalisation, and authorisation/illegitimation), the study adds to our knowledge of the complex and contested nature of teacher educator identity in relation to the ongoing restructuring and reform in higher education. The study concludes with some implications for teacher education and higher education.
[Copyright © 2015 Australian Teacher Education Association.]

A prominent school issue is health and safety in kindergartens. However, there has been no concerted effort to develop health and safety training as part of the school management of the kindergarten workforce in Hong Kong. A pilot study was designed to assess early childhood teachers' knowledge of and attitudes towards health and safety in kindergartens using a self-reported questionnaire. The participants were 54 early childhood teachers, which included 10 principals, or senior teachers, and 44 frontline teachers of four kindergartens. The results indicated that the teachers' level of knowledge regarding common childhood injuries was high, but their knowledge of health and safety measures was very low. There was a significant difference in the overall knowledge level of the senior teachers and the junior teachers. The principals or senior teachers were more positive towards the need to have a health and safety policy and to develop a health and safety strategy plan and recording system for their kindergartens than the front-line teachers. Furthermore, the teachers with more teaching experience were more concerned about assigning an appropriate staff member to be responsible for different aspects of health and safety than the teachers with less teaching experience. The teachers with a Bachelor degree or above were more likely to indicate the importance of providing professional development training for staff than the teachers with a Diploma degree or below. There is a need for an in-service professional training program for early childhood teachers to increase their health and safety knowledge and attitudes.
[Copyright © 2015 CGPublisher.]

Hong Kong has an assessment for learning policy and a cultural context that emphasizes examinations. In addition to associating student grading with improvement, important improvement-oriented conceptions have been identified among Hong Kong teachers and which were not fully instantiated in the original Teachers’ Conceptions of Assessment (TCoA) inventory. An expanded Chinese-TCoA inventory was administered to in Chinese in both Hong Kong and southern China. The intended 6 construct structure was not supported. Exploratory factor analysis (MLE, oblimin rotation) identified 7 factors, which were further reduced to 3 major inter-correlated constructs (i.e., improvement, accountability, and irrelevance). Improvement and accountability were strongly inter-correlated (r=.80), while improvement had a weak negative correlation with irrelevance and accountability had a weak positive correlation with irrelevance. The model had 7 factors based on 33 items and acceptable fit (χ2=3856.97, df=426; χ2/df=9.05, p<.001; CFI=.85; RMSEA=.065; SRMR=.065; gamma=.90). Two group nested invariance testing (i.e., Hong Kong vs. southern China) showed that the model was statistically equivalent, except for item residuals (k=62; χ2=4612.89, df=891; χ2/df=5.18, p=.02; CFI=.83; RMSEA=.047; SRMR=.065; gamma=.94). Differences in mean scores between the two groups showed that Hong Kong teachers agreed more with the ideas of assessments helping student learning, being accurate, and being examinations; whereas southern China teachers agreed more that assessment was irrelevant. This study contributes to our understanding of how assessment is understood by teachers working within Chinese contexts.
[Copyright © 2010 The Authors.]

The World Health Organization has warned that depression, which is an emotional illness, will become the second most prevalent killer in the world. Many young people are showing signs of depression and other mental illness: for example, Hospital Authority figures in Hong Kong show that between 1998/99 and 2000/01, the number of adolescents under 15 receiving mental health treatment rose from 1,355 to 2,321, an increase of over 70 percent. A web-based survey of all first year entrants to HKIEd at two-point: within first month of entrance, and six months later will be conducted, implication will be discussed.

The significant role played by family, school and the community on education is unequivocal. How teachers perceive the role is but one of the important parts of the whole teaching and learning system. The views expressed by student teachers are even more important among others as they are to be future practitioners in the field. How student teachers view may have close relation to how they teach, and how pupils learn. Based on findings from a recent qualitative survey of a group of about forty pre-service and in-service pre-primary student teachers in Hong Kong, this paper aims at providing an outlook and comparison of the opinions from the student teachers on roles of education played by the three generic factors, school, parents, and community. Data of the study were collected from short answers in three set of questions which asked about the roles and responsibilities of the three factors in enhancing students' education. A comparison of answers from the two groups, and among the three factors, and implications on future teacher training in Hong Kong will be discussed.

Many schools and NGOs in Hong Kong are deeply concerned with the welfare of ethnic minority students. This paper examines the experience of teachers working in schools where Chinese and non-Chinese students are accommodated. Quantitative and qualitative data respectively collected from a survey and an interview study will be reported. The survey involving 282 teachers from 10 schools explored their perceptions of teaching efficacy. The findings showed that teachers felt more confident in teaching non-Chinese than teaching Chinese students. This finding was illuminated by an interview study into teachers’ view of the cross-experience of students. 25 teachers from four schools were involved. It showed that teachers constructed the behaviour and needs of Chinese and non-Chinese students and their parents differently, in terms of social behaviour, cultural practices, gender identities, languages, and educational aspiration, and that the school, home and community were disconnected. This paper argues that to implement the ethos of equality and social justices, it is not only necessary for the school and government to develop culturally responsive approaches to teaching, but equally important to develop a connected schooling ecology where ethnic minority students and parents can be consistently supported in classroom, in school, at home and in community.

Early childhood education in Hong Kong has developed rapidly in the recent years in Hong Kong. Nevertheless, in the past three decades, the social status of early childhood education and early childhood educators were low comparing with other educational sections. The recent growth in early childhood education in Hong Kong has raised the early childhood teachers’ teacher identity. Teacher identity is an explicit view of self as teacher (Franzak, 2002) and is continually being informed, formed and reformed over time (Cooper and Olson, 1996). It evolves over career stages (Huberman, 1993) and is shaped by different forces: background, school experience, school, reform, and political contexts (Datnow et al., 2000; Sachs, 2000). In this study, my intention is to discuss how these social phenomenon and educational policies enhance three early childhood teachers’ professional identity over three decades.

By conducting in-depth interviews with new teachers who are about to become full-time teachers and then reinterviewing them two years later, the author of this article presents how beginning teachers think and feel about teaching and describes the challenges they face as beginning teachers in the context of Hong Kong. The stories of the teachers, as revealed by the interviews, suggest that changing educational ideals, school leaders' management style, and workload issues are some of the important challenges faced by beginning teachers. A short review of work on effective school research and school leadership suggests how school leaders can create an environment that is conducive to teachers' professional development.
[Copyright © University of Chicago Press].