All students, including those with disabilities, are entitled to participate in outdoor learning. However, previous research has found students with visual impairment in mainstream Hong Kong schools often encounter difficulties (and even exclusion) in learning activities conducted outdoors. The research reported here aimed to explore the reactions of students with visual impairment who participate in outdoor learning, and then to recommend solutions for overcoming any obstacles that they identify. A phenomenological inquiry approach was applied to examine data through the live experiences of the students. Their perceptions of the experiences offered by their schools were also collected. The key findings on the positive side were: First, most of the mainstream schools do provide outdoor learning opportunities to all students, including those with visual impairment. Second, some students with visual impairment love to participate in outdoor learning because they can acquire more real-life knowledge; and they can also socialize with different people. Third, students with visual impairment perceive that they can play a more active role (e.g. as a leader) in outdoor activities to help them learn effectively. Findings on the less positive side were: First, public's noninviting attitudes were perceived to be a difficulty the students encountered. Second, students with visual impairment tend to need more time to deal with other school work, and often reluctantly choose to withdraw from optional outdoor learning opportunities. Third, there are insufficient provisions made for their outdoor learning and community service. Implications of the findings for school policies and practices are discussed.

Supporting students with special education needs (SEN) in classroom is a main duty for teaching assistant (TA). According to the Code of Practice of Education, students with SEN in Hong Kong were encouraged to enroll in mainstream school. Therefore, TAs are inevitable to work with students with SEN. This research was an investigation on TAs' self-efficacy which was a factor that would affect students' achievements and classroom management. There were two purposes in this research. First, level of TAs' self-efficacy would be explored. Second, the effect of training course to accommodate students with SEN on TA's selfefficacy would be studied and further suggestions on training course reformation would be made. Quantitative method was adopted in this study. 463 TAs had participated in this study, and their self-efficacy had been tested in 5 domains: teaching support, learning support, behavior management, cooperation and administrative support. Data indicated that TAs were most confident in cooperation and least confident in teaching support and behaviour management. Training to support students with special education needs (SEN) were found to contribute to TAs' self-efficacy in all 5 domains. However, no differences were found among different training hours because the training course cannot meet the needs of TA. This paper suggested that future TA training course should put more emphasis on teaching support and behavior management.

In Hong Kong, students with special educational needs (SEN) are able to access the senior secondary education in the 12-year free education. Teachers teaching students with SEN have to prepare their students with knowledge, skills, and competency for overcoming the challenges of lifelong learning and career planning. It is well noted the post-school transition period signifies the transition to adulthood and independent life. A successful transition may lead to students’ adaptive motivation to continuing higher education or employment opportunities, which contributes to good quality of life. However, for students with SEN, they often need to face more challenges than regular students do. This chapter first discusses the contextual analysis for the education of students with SEN in Hong Kong schools by analyzing the increasing number and complexity of disabilities, concerted effort in school support and pathways of postsecondary education. However, teachers always reported the uncertainties and difficulties in supporting the smooth transition of the SEN graduates. By taking account of the research done by the authors specifically through a series of focus group interviews to a wide range of stakeholders, the chapter identifies variables affecting the post-school transition outcomes of students with SEN in Hong Kong. With reference to the contextual needs, the identified variables inform the policy change in career guidance and support for students with SEN. Implications and recommendations at individual, school, community, and policy levels are discussed. In regard to the development of career guidance and planning in schools, this chapter will finally conclude the intensive support, supporting strategies, and multiple pathways for students with SEN in Hong Kong.

Initially developed from policies implemented under British rule, the integrated programme for children with disabilities has not been widely publicised in the context of early childhood education in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). Local communities have responded differently to the integrated programme implemented in mainstream kindergarten-cum-child care centres (Kg-cum-CCCs), which serve children from 2 to 6 years old. This study focuses on the perceived benefits and challenges of the integrated programme implemented in mainstream Kg-cum-CCCs. Thirty stakeholders (18 school personnel and 12 parents of children with and without disabilities) from six integrated Kg-cum-CCCs took part in a series of semi-structured in-depth interviews, providing a comprehensive database for this study. The data were analysed with reference to previous studies on the integrated programme for children with disabilities in the context of the current educational experience in the HKSAR. The findings indicate that the stakeholders believe that the integrated programme can benefit children with and without disabilities, but that it can also cause challenges for these children. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
[Copyright © 2017 TACTYC.]

融合教育發展至今，全港已有四萬多名有特殊學習需要的學生就讀於普通學校內。根據政府統計，約有千名輕度智力障礙學生就讀於融合學校。由於智障學生的學習特性及困難，學校需要進行不同方面的支援。本文將就「支援智障學生在普通學校學習意見調查」 的結果，分析學校在課程編、課程實施、教學支援、考評安排和成長支援等方面，如何支援及協助智障學生學習，並提出改善建議及教學支援策略。