This paper analyses, from a historical perspective, the implementation of civic education in Hong Kong secondary music education in the 1980s and 1990s. It attempts to explore the struggles between political ideology and civic education in the Hong Kong music education system from a non-musical perspective. The paper argues that the promotion of civic education in Hong Kong music education has been seen as a significant indicator for pursuing smooth social transitions. The singing of the national anthem of the People's Republic of China (PRC) is seen as a vehicle for cultivating political and civic values in school. Nevertheless, the findings of a questionnaire-survey on the perception of secondary music teachers show that the level of willingness with which they teach the PRC's anthem is not consistent with their comprehension of their national or communal commitment.[Copyright of Music Education Research is the property of Routledge. Full article may be available at the publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461380990010205]
