Examining the effectiveness of professional teacher development as a strategy for school improvement at system and school levels: Evidence in Hong Kong secondary schools

Examining the effectiveness of professional teacher development as a strategy for school improvement at system and school levels: Evidence in Hong Kong secondary schools

• Ko, Yue On James The Hong Kong Institute of Education
• Walker, Allan David The Hong Kong Institute of Education

The 25th International Congress for School Effectiveness Improvement (ICSEI 2012) (2012: Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden)

• M Teachers & Education for Teachers
  • MA Professional Education for Teachers

• Hong Kong

• 1997.7 onwards

• Post-Secondary Education

This paper begins with an account of the various measures for promoting the professional development of teachers and principals as the complementary strategy of the Hong Kong government when it introduced a new accountability framework in 2003. Then, drawing on the evidence derived from a landmark study in Hong Kong secondary schools that looked into the impact of principal leadership on student outcomes using both cognitive and affective data, this paper presents part of the findings that showed how principals also tend to emphasise the professional development of teachers and key staff as a way to strengthen alignment within the school and between school and government policies. Specifically, this leadership dimension was most highly correlated with the dependable variable, the school condition Alignment, Coherence and Structure. Using hierarchical multiple regression, this leadership dimension was also found contributed to about 20% of the variance. This paper further seeks for evidence in interviews with principals and their key staff to explore the significance of professional development in schools demonstrated continuous significant school improvement. Teachers reported that their principals could succeed to align school policies with the contextual demands imposed on the schools, such as medium of instruction policy and the New Curriculum Structure by setting goals for teaching and learning. While these principals could enhance teachers' aspirations and translate meanings for their work, teachers' achievements in administration and teaching further strengthened their confidence and reinforced their participations. Many current key staff teachers who took up new, and more, duties were not necessary those teachers who were previously responsible for more formal roles such as vice principals. Many effective principals reported that they led their staff to meet strategic goals in an accountability context by mentoring and training and development. This builds up school capacity to discharge policy responsibilities and broaden the participation of key staff and other teachers in the decision-making process. This finding contributes to the debate on distributed leadership practices within the accountability context in Hong Kong. Our evidence suggested that sustainable change in schools requires that relevant capacity and commitment be built across hierarchical layers including the principal, key staff such as vice-principals and senior teachers and frontline teachers. However, the task of building capacity and commitment to meet accountability demands is a gradual process and faces a number of obstacles. It takes time to build capacity and trust, for professional learning experiences to be shared and leadership to be distributed. Some principals reported that it may take them five or more years to train up teachers and transform their mind-sets. An emphasis on leader and teacher development among the principals also carries a positive message. Despite the management-oriented accountability policies, principals in our study seemed to adopt a more professional approach to deal with the issues in their schools. We may say that the eclectic approach to accountability of the Hong Kong government (Cheng, 2009) has some positive contributions to encourage principals to establish distributed leadership among key staff through practices promoting teacher and leader growth and development.

Paper presented at the 25th International Congress for School Effectiveness Improvement (ICSEI 2012), Malmö University, Malmo, Sweden

• English

Conference Papers

https://bibliography.lib.eduhk.hk/bibs/ca7d6f0e

2015-11-13