This article provides a study of Schoololarship on religions and education, published over the past forty years, in History of Education. It also includes reference to other publications, attempting a thematic analysis that scrutinises work on missionaries, churchmen, convents, charitable societies, denominations and education. Methodologies and sources are also examined, and areas for further research are identified.[Copyright of Routledge. Full article may be available at the publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0046760X.2011.640355]