This chapter focuses on teaching and learning science in Hong Kong primary classrooms. Two broad types of teaching strategies that are based on the most important variables in teaching strategies - teacher dominance in instruction and learners' amount of participation - are discussed. The findings from the analysis of teachers' teaching and pupils' learning of science provided insights for discussion. The issues of addressing teachers' professional development needs, encouraging active participation and bridging the gap between teachers' teaching and pupils' need were concluded. Future directions of work for on-going professional development and continuous work with teachers were suggested.[Copyright © 2000 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]