Use of Textbooks: Textbooks, which reflects the curriculum, are an important informant to portray the intended curriculum (Johansson, 2003). They are absolutely a valuable source for teachers (Stodolsky, 1999; Remillard, 2005; Tarr et al., 2006). The research on textbooks benefits substantively to the understanding of a curriculum in a particular region (Thaqi & Gimenez, 2016). Outstanding Performance in Some Regions: Mathematics learning in some Asian regions interests many educators, as the students from these regions have outperformed others in several worldwide mathematical assessments. The PISA report highlights that more than a quarter of students from each of the top-performing regions: Beijing-Shanghai-Jiangsu-Guangdong (China), Hong Kong (China) and Chinese Taipei could mathematically verbalize complicated problems (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development, 2016). Another renowned international assessment TIMSS also shows that almost half (i.e. 47-49%) of students at Secondary 2 in South Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong reach the advanced international benchmark (Mullis et al., 2012). The textbooks adopted by these Asian countries or regions are definitely worth referencing. Textbook Content Analysis: This study selected one textbook from each of these Asian regions and their content was decoded according to a proposed framework called Assessment-Background-Content textbook analysis, which was developed from the textbook context analysis of Incikabi & Tjoe (2013), Huntley (2008), Alajmi (2012) and National Research Council (2004). Textbooks were coded according to their lesson components. Pickle (2012) adapted from Jones’s (2004) coding suggested ten lesson components in identifying units in the textbooks. The ten components include description, definition, question, activity, worked example, oral exercise, follow-up practice, highlight, project, and reflection (Pickle, 2012, p.51). Textbooks in Asian Regions: The proposed presentation will compare the

Hong Kong, a leading city of China, is a place with students having good examination results but being regarded as incapable of thinking critically. In 2005, the Education Bureau decided to make Liberal Studies as a core subject and aroused controversial debate. This change, proposing to use a core subject to nurture student critical thinking skills, is a drastic curriculum change in this society. This study, inquiring into the perceptions and practices of teachers teaching Liberal Studies, consists of two research questions. First, how do teachers perceive the aims and nature of the core subject Liberal Studies in the new curriculum? Second, how do they nurture the critical thinking habits of students in their classroom? Qualitative study was conducted to investigate teachers’ perception and practices of critical thinking in Liberal Studies. Both interview and documentary analysis are used in this study. First, the researcher interviewed five Liberal Studies teachers, who were experienced in teaching Liberal Studies. Each teacher individually attended the interview for about one hour. The researcher audio-recorded the conversation and transcribed word by word. Second, in order to follow up with interviews, teachers were invited to provide supporting materials such as teaching plan for further analysis. The study showed that a positive side in this reform. Teachers with strong perceptions for nurturing critical thinking skills of pupils were empathetic in teaching Liberal Studies. Teachers had initiated various methods to provide students opportunities to reflect on thinking and learning, which were drastically differed from traditional culture of Hong Kong. This study also showed that teachers’ perception of critical thinking skills in Liberal Studies also influences their practices in teaching the discipline. However, with the traditional pedagogical culture and examination bounded system, shifting from transmission of knowledge to nurturing critical thinking

The paper focuses on the evaluation of the present curriculum in Hong Kong. It discusses the analysis of questionnaires collected from 130 primary schools in Hong Kong. Findings regarding the views of mathematics teachers on the goals of curriculum, teaching content and assessment methods are also presented. Besides the paper discusses the learning and teaching strategies in the mathematics classroom, small class teaching (SCT) has been adopted by most of the schools in the first three years of primary education for about ten years. A lot of research has been conducted to study the efficacy of SCT. Most of the studies confirmed the benefits of SCT. The author made a study of this in 4 primary schools. There were classroom observations for 10 lessons. Whether their teaching can enhance children^ higher order thinking skills will also be investigated. In Hong Kong, the Territory-wide System Assessment (TSA) is an assessment administered at the territory level. It facilitates assessment for learning by providing schools with objective data on students' performances at the end of Key Stages 1-3. This paper examines its efficacy and discusses the public view on it. Teachers are interviewed regarding their views on the mathematics curriculum and their experiences. Children are also interviewed to investigate their interest in mathematics learning. The paper continues to discuss the mathematics curriculum in 3 different countries namely, the United States, the United Kingdom and Mainland China. A brief comparison is made regarding the content of their primary mathematics curricula, the learning and teaching strategies, children^ interest in mathematics learning and the cultural impact on their learning. Moreover, analysis of the cultural differences and contextual factors such as high expectation of parents, keen competition in education may shed light on the design of the mathematics curriculum. Research into comparative studies of the mathematics curricula of major Asian

對於大部分中文初學者而言，學習中文的最大困難，在於漢字學習。有關漢字的學習，普遍認為有三大困難，分別是「字多難記」、「形多難寫」和「音多難讀」（謝錫金，2002）。而在香港的幼稚園，幼兒於入學後便開始進行中文識字教學，但其中部分幼稚園偏重以重複抄寫的方法幫助幼兒識字，被受爭議（幼稚園視學組，2004; 2005; 2006）。因此，香港不少家長、幼兒教師和教育學者/教育研究者，同樣關注香港幼兒語文教育中，識字課程的設計和施行情況。 針對以上種種，香港大學教育學院中文教育研究中心透過問卷的方式，向本港學前教育機構和教師進行一項有關幼兒中文教與學方法的研究調查。研究計劃的名稱為「香港學前機構中文教學研究」。是次研究共有1200名學前機構教師參與，當中研究範疇包括中文課程模式、教材、教學語言、教法、教學上遇到的困難及教師專業發展等分項。研究結果發現，香港幼兒教育需要發展一個更有系統和生活化的識字課程。而進一步的科學研究數據能夠幫助香港幼兒教師規劃更有質素的識字教學方法。另外，研究反映香港幼兒教師在不同專業發展領域尚有待提升，包括有效的識字教學法、學前兒童學習理論等。學界有必要增加幼兒師資培訓與進修的資源與空間。
[Copyright © 2013 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

This study attempts to explore the implementation of the New Senior Secondary (NSS) music curriculum and senior secondary school music teachers’ perceptions towards the NSS music curriculum in developing students’ creativity. In Hong Kong education reform, the necessity of developing students’ creativity was emphasized and “developing students’ creativity” was addressed as one of the four learning targets of music education. As the last step of Hong Kong education reform, senior secondary curriculum reform has been implemented in 2009. Compared with the previous senior secondary music curriculum, the NSS music curriculum contains more diversified teaching contents and assessment methods. Besides, since senior secondary students who select music as one of their elective subjects have to participate in a public examination, and the results directly related to whether they can be accepted by universities, senior secondary music teachers who are undertaking to teach the NSS music lessons are under a pressure of assisting students to get a positive result in the public examination. Under this circumstance, to what extent the learning target “developing students’ creativity” can be achieved through undertaking the NSS music should be further studied. In this study, seven in-service senior secondary music teachers were invited to share their arrangements of offering the NSS music and their perceptions towards the NSS music curriculum in developing students’ creativity. Since “Creating” was stated as the most effective module in developing students’ creativity in the NSS music curriculum guide, music teachers’ teaching practice for teaching the “Creating” part was asked particularly. Findings indicate that 1) the NSS music was only offered by a few of senior secondary schools; 2) most of the interviewees displayed a positive attitude towards the importance of creativity; and 3) most of the interviewees considered that students’ creativity cannot be significantly developed through

近年香港少數族裔學童的中文學習備受各界關注。文獻顯示他們經常受到中文能力不足而限制了中小學教育以至日後進修的途徑。當少數族裔學童入讀以粵語為教學語言的主流學校之後，能否駕馭作為第二語言的粵語，成為他們學習成功的關鍵。 本文將報告三十位南亞裔學童小學三年級在一年之間的粵語口語發展與轉變。口語能力測試的重點是詞彙、語法以及敘述能力三個向度，使用了標準化測試工具「香港兒童粵語口語能力量表」中的三個分測驗 : 名詞表達、語法理解及故事重述。另外我們也調查了學童的語言背景以及在不同場所的語言運用。結果顯示，在第一次測試中，所有小三學童在三個分測驗中的表現都遠低於常模的年齡期待值，名詞表達能力與期待值的落差最大，部分學童是低於五歲半常模。在一年之後，學童的語法理解及故事重述都有顯著進步，特別是在語法方面的名詞組和複雜句理解，以及故事重述中的參照指涉標示。但是多數受試學童在名詞表達測試中沒有任何進步，許多與本地文化關係密切的詞彙，如粽、蘿蔔、茶葉等，即使在測試後允許使用英語補充，也無法正確說出名稱。在判斷涉及否定詞的語句時，也有相當困難。以上的結果呈現出南亞裔學童的粵語學習是與本地學童的第一語言發展是有明顯不同的發展軌跡。 另一方面，南亞裔學童語言運用調查的結果顯示，他們在家中是以南亞族語為主(65%)，在鄰舍以及學校教室外的互動則是使用英語 (33%-42%) 和南亞族語 (38%-34%)，粵語的角色相對的低 (29%-24%)。由此可見，粵語在南亞裔學童的日常生活中並沒有明確的功能與地位。以全美外語教學委員會 (ACTFL) 的《全球外語學習標準》來看，這些學童的粵語 / 中文學習，在貫連 (connection) 和社群 (community) 這兩個維度有明顯的不足；許多學童在離開了教室後，英語、南亞族語是他們的主要溝通工具，中文學習形同孤島。所謂沉浸式學習只是空中樓閣。有關當局必須正視少數族裔學童的獨特語言學習環境生態，以學習者為中心，建立一個真正多元多軌的中文為第二語言課程，使得少數族裔學童能夠透過中文，連結不同場所生活與學習經驗的功能，融入社群。

Stemming from a long tradition of liberal education in Hong Kong universities, General Education (GE) courses and programs have been part of Hong Kong tertiary education structure for less than a decade. Together with the recently implemented compulsory 2009 New Senior Secondary Liberal Studies (NSS LS) curriculum, GE represents a continues and sustainable structure of liberal education in the city. Although thousands of young Hongkongers participate in liberal studies courses and programs through secondary and tertiary levels of education, the influence of this structure of liberal education on their mindset remains unclear. This paper features selected results of the RGC funded study, which investigated sustainability consciousness of Hong Kong first year university students, enrolled in GE programs. The analysis of ~5000 student surveys and over 1000 reflections revealed three main features of students' sustainability consciousness: intentionality to make a difference; engagement with complex questions about identity, society and nature; and eschatological perspectives, which included imaginative, future-oriented and action-oriented approaches to critical reflection, supported by the rhetoric of hope, promises and commitment for better future. This presentation aims to discuss ways for implementing these findings in the GE and NSS LS classrooms with reference to local and international practices of liberal studies education.

在漢語教學的國際熱潮中，香港的情況比較特殊。除了通過普通話教學外，更多香港非華語人士需要學習本地通用的廣州話（粵語），從而認識中文，解決生活的需要。粵語是現代漢語中較強勢的方言，有自成體系的語音系統、方言詞彙和語法特色。非華語人士如要通過粵語學習中文，面對粵語口語和現代漢語書面語之間的差距，往往會較諸通過普通話學習中文更遠。 以粵語作為中文教學媒介語在香港由來已久，無論是中文母語或二語教學，如何能指導學生兼顧口語與書面語表達之間的差異──能以粵語口語有效表達，同時又能避免 讓粵語方言干擾現代漢語書面語，素來都是中文教師的重大考驗。為此，本文將以一次支援「多元文化教學助理先修課程」的中文教學實踐為例，報告如何活用粵語拼音，裝備非華語中學業生掌握基本的中文幼兒教學用語，並認識與本地幼兒教師溝通所需的粵語。 上述教學試驗為特定對象而設，含前測與學業評估（口語及書面語）共 30 教時。本文擬檢視學生的前測與學業評估表現，對照教學實驗重點、學習內容及學生反饋意見等資料，評鑑粵語拼音在教授香港非華語學生中文的意義，為同類課程的未來發展提供實證的參考資源。