Sub-degree education is one of the key higher education sectors in Hong Kong. With the effect of managerialism, tertiary institutions tend to transition from a collegial toward a managerial model, and have shifted from teaching-intensive institutions to research-intensive ones. In this study, two key research questions are addressed: to what degree can managerialism influence organisational change? To what degree and how will an exogenous force generate organisational development? To answer the research questions, we present a case study at Hong Kong College via 15 face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with the administrative staff, academic staff, department head, and a visiting scholar. The key research findings identified the difficulties or obstacles experienced in carrying out research or scholarly activities, the long-term impacts on the workplace of staff and sub-degree institutions changing from teaching to research, the advantages of the staff and institutions regarding their working areas in the process of new research directions, and the driving forces for enriching a research culture in sub-degree institutions. Academic and managerial implications are also provided in the paper. Copyright ©2023 Springer.

Given that the concept of community college in Hong Kong has only been introduced 10 years ago, with the new “3-3-4” education structural reform, the leadership in community college will become more challenging. In this paper, the aim is to provide a personal philosophy on how educational leaders should lead in community college settings given the highly diverse student backgrounds. The perspective of why we, as educational leaders, should reflect, reconstruct, and reengineer on community college leadership will be discussed. We will give insights on how different it is between leading in university and in community college, particularly in Hong Kong. Common issues and difficulties encountered by top managements, supporting staff, teachers, and students are identified and explained. The importance of relationship and dialogues in our context of building a true community is presented. The paper will conclude with the notion of how an authentic leader should be in leading community college in Hong Kong. It is expected that the direction of this personal philosophy will have a major impact in the both local and global leadership in education.

This article examines the quality of Hong Kong's sub-degree level education provided by the self-financing institutes in terms of its impact on the earnings of workers, based on Hong Kong's 2006 by-census data. Education is an investment in human capital that enhances the productivity of workers and increases their lifetime incomes; and a more productive investment will produce a higher rate of return. The effects of education on workers' earnings can be regarded as a proxy for measuring the quality of education undertaken. This study shows that, as regards earnings, and therefore (indirectly) quality, the quality of sub-degree level education provided by some self-financing institutes is statistically significantly lower than that provided by publicly-funded institutes.
[Copyright of Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management is the property of Routledge. Full article may be available at the publisher's website:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2012.689180]