This chapter explores the institutional and attitudinal aspects of citizenship development of Hong Kong. The author shows that these two aspects interact with and nurture each other to constitute particular political configuration at different periods in Hong Kong's history. The author also argues that citizenship and citizenship education are empowering practices which help the citizens stand against political constraints imposed upon them in the form of patronage by the former colonial government and in the form of domestication by the government of the People's Republic of China.