Compared to other areas of the world and other Chinese societies such as Hong Kong and Taiwan, little is known about psychiatric conditions in Macao, a Special Administrative Region of China. There is growing evidence of the cross-national and cross-cultural validity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but there are no studies of ADHD symptoms in Macao. This study compared Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) ADHD symptoms of Macao postsecondary students (N = 459) to U.S. peers (N = 261). Based on symptom counts, Macao students reported higher rates of ADHD. With regard to recent problems, 7.01% of Macao students and 2.69% of U.S. students reported enough symptoms to meet the cutoff for 1 of the 3 subtypes. Requiring that enough symptoms be recalled to meet childhood criteria, recent rates dropped to 3.74% (Macao) and 1.15% (United States), which are within expectations based on worldwide estimates. Comparisons using other methods of calculating rates are also provided. This research adds to the limited knowledge of ADHD symptoms in postsecondary students across countries, and provides the first account of such symptoms in Macao. Assessment of ADHD symptoms in Macao is complicated by the high level of overall distress reported by students.
[Copyright of International Journal of School & Educational Psychology is the property of Routledge. Full article may be available at the publisher's website:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21683603.2013.804469]

This article summarizes prominent themes found in descriptions of school psychology programs in Estonia (Kikas, 2014), Greece (Hatzichristou & Polychroni, 2014), Hong Kong (Lam, 2014), Romania (Negovan & Dincă, 2014), Sweden (Schad, 2014), United Kingdom (Wood, 2014), and United States (Joyce & Rossen, 2014). This paper summarizes prominent issues found in these and companion descriptions (e.g., Jimerson, Oakland, & Farrell, 2007), with the goal to promote an understanding of prevailing conditions that impact preparation, including those that are external to as well as under the control of school psychology programs. These latter conditions include the academic and professional development components of preparation, including their emphasis on multicultural and international issues. Program content generally is consistent with that promulgated by the International School Psychology Association (e.g., Cunningham & Oakland, 1998) and as discussed more fully in The Handbook of International School Psychology (Jimerson, Oakland, & Farrell, 2007). Regional and national agencies external to psychology and school psychology together with alterations in program funding are exerting a strong and seemingly increasing impact on professional preparation programs in psychology. Knowledge of these and other prevailing conditions together with their impact on school psychology preparation and subsequent services is warranted. Stronger leadership from national, regional, and international associations of psychology and school psychology is needed to counterbalance the effects of external control that pose threats to the specialty.
[Copyright of International Journal of School & Educational Psychology is the property of Routledge. Full article may be available at the publisher's website:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21683603.2014.934638]