This dissertation consists of three studies which addressed the issue of describing creativity and enhancing creativity in Chinese writing among primary school students in Hong Kong. Although creativity is valued in the Curriculum Reform of Hong Kong, the degree to which creativity is incorporated into teaching by Chinese Language teachers was unknown. Study One addressed this issue by a survey using a tailor-designed 14-item questionnaire conducted among 449 Chinese Language teachers in primary schools to tap the respondents' perceptions of creativity, perceived ways of developing students' creativity, and their day-to-day practice of writing in classrooms. The results show that most of the teacher respondents conformed to the traditional method of teaching writing. Results suggested a detailed study to enhance teacher's skills in teaching creativity in Chinese which formed the foundation for Study Three. With Study One as the foundation, distinctions between Eastern and Western perspectives of creativity may be explored in future. Study Two was the development and validation of the Chinese Creative Writing Scale (CCWS) that was later applied as an outcome measure for creative writing in Chinese language in Study Three. The development of CCWS contributes to the measurement of creative writing in Chinese. With its good internal consistency, inter-rater reliability and construct validity, it can be used as an outcome measure for assessing the effectiveness of enhancing creativity in Chinese writing. With minor modifications, the scale can be applied in Mainland China, Taiwan, and Chinese societies elsewhere in the world. In Study Three, we first developed four learning studies using the phenomenographic approach and the Theory of Variation. To test the effect of the learning study approach, a quasi-experimental trial was then conducted in a primary school in Hong Kong. Four teachers joined the learning study for one academic year. Some 277 students were randomly allocated

背景：西方學者利用多元感官理論啟發，曾得到不俗的效果。但這教學法是否適用於中文寫作、是否能增強學生在各種文體中的表現則從未受到廣泛研究。
目的：測試以多元感官寫作教學法提高中文寫作的效能。
樣本：兩班修讀副學士的學生，分別接受前測、教學和後測 (N = 55)。
方法：本研究採用實驗方法，兩班學生皆接受多元感官寫作教學，學習的文體為描寫文和抒情文，各兩課節(每節課3小時，共12小時)。前測、後測均由同一老師評核。分析採用2 (時間) x 2 (文體)重複評核方差分析(repeated-measures ANOVA)。
結果：兩個主要結果均見成效，唯兩者間的的交互作用則並不顯著。
結論：證實感官寫作教學能有效地提升學生書寫描寫和抒情文。
Background: Western researchers have demonstrated that the multi-sensory approach to creative writing is effective in enhancing essay writing. However, this approach has never been tested in writing Chinese essays in various genres.
Aim: The study examines whether the multi-sensory approach can enhance Chinese essay writing performance.
Sample: Two classes of associate degree students who took a pretest and a posttest after an intervention (N = 55).
Method: An experiment was conducted with students from two classes taught with the multi-sensory approach. Both classes were taught the descriptive and expressive genres, each genre in 2 lessons (12 hours total). The same teacher scored each essay in the pretests and posttests. The analysis used a 2 (time) x 2 (genre) repeated-measures ANOVA.
Result: Both main effects (test and genre) were significant, but the interaction effect was not.
Conclusion: Evidence shows that the multi-sensory approach was effective in enhancing Chinese writing in the descriptive and expressive genres.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

背景：香港近年大力推行的教育改革，銳意發展學生的創造思維能力，但要培養有創意能力的學生，我們極需一批充滿創意的教師。但是過去的研究指出很多教師都不懂得如何發展學生的創意。
目的：本研究以發展教師創意教學和學生的創意能力為主要目標。整個學習過程的構想，以托蘭斯的孕育模式為理論主線，教學過程經過了預期、深化和延伸三個階段，層層遞進，期望能幫助教師達到最有效的教學效果。
研究對象：對象包括四所學校的小四、小五、小六、中一、中二和中三的教師和學生。
研究方法：以教學實踐和分析為主，所有教學設計都由有關級別教師試教。整個研究分兩年四期進行，研究人員主要通過觀課、討論和學生作品來評核學習成果。
研究結果：本研究剛完成第一和第二階段，所以報告集中討論第二階段某中學的教學實踐情況和學習成效。通過迴旋上升的學習過程，學生不僅理解新詩內容，發展聯想能力和變化能力，並嘗試創作新詩，部分學生對詩歌產生濃厚興趣，課後仍能持續自我閱讀。
總結：教師是學生學習的輔導者，所以教師本身對教學專業投入與否，願意嘗試新的教學法與否，都影響學生學習動機和態度。托蘭斯孕育模式創意教學包括了準備、深化和延續發展的三個階段，是發展創意教學中較完整的模式。
Background: In 2000, Hong Kong launched the Education Reform. One of the main objectives is to foster the creativity of the students. Nonetheless, we need a team of creative teachers who will help develop the creative skills of students. Past research shows that many teachers do not know how to develop the creative skills of their students.
Aims: This project aims to enhance teachers' awareness of a more "creative" pedagogical approach and to develop students' creative skills. Torrance's Incubation Model in Creativity is the underpinning theory in developing these language lessons. This model includes a 3-step learning process: arousing expectation, digging deep and extending learning experience. When we plan the lessons, we have a clear focus on developing students' creativity, and to help teachers teach effectively.
Objects: Teachers and students in primary from primary five, primary six, secondary one, two and three from four schools are included in this project.
Method: The preparations of lessons are participated by teachers and researchers. The lessons had been implemented by all teachers concerned. The project is divided into 4 stages in two years. The assessment of the project includes class observation, discussion with teachers and works of students.
Results: The first two stages of this project have been completed. This article focuses on the implementation of a unit teaching in the form 1 class

Background: Students in Hong Kong often lack creativity when writing compositions. Based on the dual coding theory and the Multidimensional Interactive Creative Imagination Imagery Model, imagery training may help students to write more creatively.
Aims: This study is to investigate the effectiveness of the imagery teaching method imagery as a creative thinking skill.
Sample: 2 classes of students (37 and 36) participated in this pre-test, intervention, post-test writing study. One class received imagery training while the other class did not.
Method: Using hierarchical regressions, path analyses and a structural equation model, their compositions were evaluated in 4 ways: fluency, uniqueness, content, and grammar/convention.
Results: Students receiving imagery training performed better than the other students in the areas of fluency, uniqueness and content, but not grammar. Furthermore, girls were more likely to do well on the content part in the post-test than boys.
Conclusion: Imagery training is useful in enhancing students' creativity in Chinese Composition. Further research is suggested in the following two areas: training program and the process of creative writing by dual-coding theory.
香港的學生在寫作時一般都被認為欠缺創意，基於the dual coding theory 和the multidimensional interactive creative imagination imagery model，意象教學相信有助學生寫出更有創意的文章。本研究請來兩班各有37 及36 名學生，參與了包括預先測試、介入教學及培訓結束考核的寫作教學研究，其中一班受過意象教學訓練，另外一班則未有受訓。透過等級制度的回歸、軌道分析及 結構性的 方程式模型 ，們的作文會就以下四方面得到評核：流暢性、獨特性、內容及語法。結果顯示，受過意象教學訓練的一班學生在流暢性、獨特性、內容等方面的表現均比沒有受過意象教學訓練的一班較佳，但在語法上則沒有影響；同時，在培訓結束考核中，女生在語法的表現亦較男生為佳。
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

句子教學是小學中國語文教學中重要的一環，香港的小學教師多運用閱讀教材所提供的句子教學材料來進行句子教學。本文選取了三套香港大部份小學採用的中國語文課本，檢視其中小學一年級課本中有關句子教學的材料，就句子長短、數量、式樣等方面進行比較，初步探索了一些小學句子教學的問題，為語文教學工作者提供討論的材料，以期集思廣益，提升句子教學的素質。
Sentence teaching is an important segment in the teaching of Chinese Language in Primary Schools in Hong Kong. Teachers always use the materials of the sentence teaching provided by the textbooks. This paper compares the materials of sentence teaching of three sets of Primary 1 Chinese textbooks. The differences between the length and the pattern of the sentences, the quantity of the materials will be discussed. It is hoped that such discussions can help to enhance the quality of sentences teaching in the teaching of Chinese Language.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

寫作教學一直是語文老師感到頭疼的事情。許多小學生一聽到要作文，便流露厭煩的神色，覺得寫作是一件苦差。學生對寫作沒有興趣，只是敷衍成篇，交差了事。全班的作文往往千篇一律，全無新意，教師也以改作文為痛苦的事。為了要改變這種情況，香港有些小學進行了寫作教學的改革。一九九四年，開始在一所小學推行寫作教學的新嘗試，名為「全語文寫作教學」；一年後，增至三所小學。一九九七年，又增加到九所小學。全語文寫作教學參考自全語文取向 (Whole Language Approach) 的精神，是以學生為中心的一種教學法，它的信念是：文字是用來溝通的，因此要注意教材的實用性，同時也注重聽、說、讀和寫的配合。本文的目的是：介紹全語文寫作教學的理念和推行的過程，探討這個寫作計畫對香港的學校、教師、學生和寫作課程的影響。
The teaching of writing is always a headache to Chinese language teachers. Many students in primary schools show no interest to composition lesson and they just finish writing casually. Language teachers also feel that it is very dull to correct students' composition as they are all the same. In 1994 , a primary school in Hong Kong conducted a reform of teaching of Chinese writing. The school adopted a new writing project named as "Whole Language Writing Project". In 1997, there were 9 schools joined this project. "Whole Language Writing Project" is student-based. It emphasizes on the practical use of writing and the combination of writing, reading, speaking and listening. This paper tries to introduce the theory and account for the implementation of this writing project. The influence of the project on students, teachers, schools and the curriculum of writing are also included.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

本文是一個追蹤研究，首先收集研究對象中一至中三的作文103篇，並採用現象學研究法（Phenomenological Research ）的意念進行研究。現象學研究法的重點在於深入了解人類自然的生活，把沒有虛飾的生活體驗和意義呈現出來。本文主要運用兩種分析工具：威堅遜模式（Wilkinson， 1980）及內容分析（text analysis）。論文研究的目的：分析受試者初中情意表達能力的層次。
This article is a longitudinal research which monitors 103 essays of a student from F.1 to F.3 by adopting "phenomenological research". Phenomenological research is based on the deep understanding of human life, presenting us with the truest life experiences without disguise. The ability to express emotion of a student as reflected from his Chinese composition. Two models are employed in this research: Wilkinson's (1980) and text analysis. The objectives of this research is to analyse the abilities of junior secondary school students to express emotions.
[Copyright of Hong Kong Teachers' Centre Journal is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Centre at http://www.edb.org.hk/hktc]