The emergence of literature critically examining reciprocity in the determination of service-learning outcomes has signalled a need to rethink and re-evaluate service-learning research and practice. The current study seeks to give clarity by investigating the bidirectional benefits accrued by college students and their partners in four tutor-based service contexts. Quantitative results indicated that there is a reciprocal relationship between college students and their paired service recipients at the end of the service-learning program, in terms of interpersonal skills and personal responsibility. Overall, the study makes a case for the bidirectional nature of service-learning in promoting meaningful community engagement. Copyright © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Service-Learning has become a prominent term in Higher Education settings.Because of its nature,other similar key terms;for instance,Community learning,Internship,Practicum,and Volunteer work are often used in comparison.Nonetheless,they could be differentiated based on their ultimate goals.All the above works are done in communities,for,and with communities but Service-learning has two dimensions which are to Serve and to Learn.In certain circumstances,learning might not occur while serving;hence,reflection activities should take place in order to bridge community service to content-learning(Bringle,Phillips,& Hudson,2004).Service-learning is defined as as an educational approach that allow students to apply their knowledge from classroom when participating in community activities(Bringle,Reeb,Brown,& Ruiz,2016).Not only an approach,it could be also an undergraduate course,a program,or a project depending on each university.Sometimes it is taking place as a partnership work between two universities locally or other times as an international collaboration.This qualitative research study with 14 participants seeks to investigate a Servicelearning partnership project between a university in Cambodia,Royal University of Phnom Penh(RUPP)and Hong Kong Polytechnic University(PolyU).RUPP students and their facilitators were interviewed after they returned from Service-learning project trip entitled “Healthy Lifestyle Challenges in Developing Communities”.The objectives of the study were to examine how Service-learning was integrated to the curriculum of RUPP,what challenges,experiences,and success that students and facilitators faced during the project implementation.The findings indicated that Service-learning has not been officially integrated to the curriculum of RUPP yet.It was only introduced as part of a summer project which RUPP students could apply for volunteer to work in partners with PolyU students in order to assist them accomplishing their Service-learning course

Background: The Service-Learning and Research Scheme (SLRS) is the showcase of Lingnan's Service-Learning model, which is the manifestation of Lingnan University's Liberal Arts education and mission "Education for Service". The scheme was a pilot project, from 2004 to 2005, which led to the development of a University-wide protocol for Service-Learning at Lingnan University.
Aims: This paper highlights the processes and the strategies of incorporating Service-Learning into courses, based on the experiences in Lingnan University. Implementation and evaluation models are suggested to provide a framework for other interested parties to apply Service-Learning in their learning and teaching.
Results: This is a descriptive analysis, associating outcome measurement (three outcomes: "ABC" quality--Adaptability, Brainpower and Creativity) through the process of Service-Learning. Evaluation contents and guidelines for doing Service-Learning are developed based on the past experience in doing Service-Learning at Lingnan. The research element procedures offer instructors with guidance as well as a well-defined protocol and evaluation for Service-Learning programs in Lingnan.
Conclusion: In consolidating the above experience and in detailing the validity of the Lingnan Model of Service-Learning, a manual is produced documenting our efforts. This is the first manual which can be the protocol of applying Service-Learning in higher education for students' whole-person development.
背景：服務研習計劃正好展示了嶺南大學的服務研習模式。服務研習計劃是嶺南大學博雅教育及辦學宗旨「作育英才，服務社會」的實踐。計劃在2004年至2005年推行先導試驗計劃，並有助嶺南大學發展全校性的服務研習計劃草案。
目標：本文以嶺南大學的服務研習計劃作例，握要說明將服務研習元素融入在課程中的程式和策略，並提供執行程式和評估模式的架構，以供其他有興趣人士將服務研習融入在學習和教學中。
結果：本文結合了服務研習成果評估方法（三項成果 “ABC”素質：Adaptability 適應力、Brainpower智力和Creativity 創造力）的描述性分析。實踐服務研習評估內容和指引是建基於過往在嶺南大學執行服務研習的經驗而制定的。研究元素能為導師提供明確的嶺南大學服務研習執行指引、草案及評估。
結論：本文作者統整過往經驗，以推出執行手冊，手冊並詳細列出嶺南模式的服務研習計劃的有效性。這本執行手冊是第一本有關應用服務研習的草案，推動高等教育界學生的全人發展。
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal

Background: Seventeen pre-service teachers from The Hong Kong Institute of Education involved in a service education project during the summer vacation in 2008. They spent seven weeks in an orphanage and a commune in Vietnam to provide various services for disabled children and to help constructing a house for the poor villagers respectively. They learned how to cope with challenging environment through developing service leadership, problem solving and communication abilities in a different cultural context.
Aims: To reveal what respondents have experienced, reflected and gained through involving in the cross-cultural service exposure project and how such fruitful learning experiences can be enhanced.
Sample: All seventeen pre-service teachers involved in the project.
Method: Content analysis was conducted on service-learning journals, day logs and writings prepared by the students after the service-learning experience.
Results: The analysis based on respondents' reflective writings revealed that the development of genuine relationship among participants through mutual care, their generic skills, leadership abilities and cultural competencies are enhanced while they work collaboratively and support each other to overcome difficulties.
Conclusion: As a multicultural service-learning co-curricular activity, participants can acquire new knowledge, change attitudes and develop constructive behaviors through a genuine and caring environment and reflection. They are perceived to attain gains in leadership abilities, cultural competence skills and professional commitment.
背景：在2008年的暑假，十七位來自香港教育學院師資培訓的學生，遠赴越南參加了一項為期七個星期的服務學習計劃，他們分別在兒童院為有肢體障礙的孩童提供服務，並為貧困村民修建房屋，同學在過程中學習面對種種環境及文化差異上的挑戰，從而鍛鍊出服務領導才能、解決困難和溝通能力。
目的：作者透過參加者的文章以描述他們在這異地服務計劃中所得出的經驗，從而總結出如何更有效地推展此種在文化差異環境中的學習經驗。
調查對象：十七位參加該服務學習計劃的師資培訓學生
調查方法：作者以內容分析方法，從同學們的學習日誌及反省文章中探討他們的學習經歷。
調查結果：從參加者文章中反映出學員間在合作和支持解困的過程中，能建立出彼此照顧的誠懇關係，以促成共通能力、領導才能及文化勝任能力的培養。
總結：學生在參加不同文化背景的服務學習聯課活動中