21世紀初，香港展開教育改革，教育統籌局為保證各中小學的教學水準，定期到校進行校外評核的工作。工作完成後，教育統籌局把這些校外評核報告上載互聯網，供市民瀏覽。本研究是從2003至2005兩個年度，教育統籌局在網上公佈的校外評核報告中，各隨機抽取10所小學的報告，針對這些報告中老師在有關教與學和評估不足的評語，提出教學有明確的目標，訓練學生的語文能力，有質素的提問，照顧學生的學習差異，全體學生的參與，師生互動，設計一份優質的評估，善用評估得來的數據以改善教學等解決問題的建議和策略，並提供具體的操作方法，以落實課改的理念，提高教學的成效。 At the beginning of the 21st century, education reforms were launched in Hong Kong. The Education and Manpower Bureau regularly went to schools for off-campus assessments to ensure the teaching level of all primary and secondary schools. After the work is completed, the Education and Manpower Bureau uploads these external assessment reports to the Internet for public viewing. This study randomly selected 10 elementary schools reports published by the Education and Manpower Bureau from2003 to 2005. Targeting the comments on teaching, learning and assessment, this study proposes some suggestion and strategies such as a clear goal in the teaching, training of students’ language skills, high-quality questions, attention paid to students’ learning differences, participation of all students, teacher-student interaction, a high-quality assessment design, and making good use of assessed data to improve teaching so at to implement the concept of curriculum reform and improve the effectiveness of teaching. Copyright © 2018 合肥師範學院.

Background: The literature suggests two main types of orientations influencing teachers' choice of assessment strategies--"Knowledge acquisition and retention (K orientation)" and "Understanding and Conceptual change (U orientation)" with the former more directly related to surface learning types of assessment strategies and the latter more to do with strategies which encourage deep learning.
Aims: The study aimed to investigate what kinds of strategies teachers used to assess their students and how teachers' self-reported assessment strategies reflected the orientations suggested in the current literature. In addition, it identified the governing forces that impacted on the orientations of the teachers in their assessment strategy selection.
Sample: Ninety-four Hong Kong teachers from nine primary schools and six secondary schools took part in semi-structured interviews which focused on the strategies they used for assessing their students.
Results: The teachers reported using many types of strategies including tests, exams, projects, etc. The results of the study showed that there were forces that drew teachers towards "Knowledge acquisition and retention" orientation while selecting assessment strategies for use.
Conclusion: More effort has to be made to encourage teachers to attain a better balance between assessment aimed at measuring knowledge and assessment aimed at learning and understanding.
背景: 文獻指出教師在選擇評估策略上有兩種主要取向 - 「知識的獲取與記憶」(知識取向) 及「理解與概念的轉變」(理解取向)。「知識取向」的評估策略偏向淺層次的學習；而「理解取向」的評估策略是鼓勵深層次的學習。
目的: 本研究的目的是瞭解教師選擇甚麼評估策略來評估學生，分析他們選取評估策略的取向，及找出主導他們對評估策略取向的因由。
取樣: 本研究訪問了九十四位來自九所小學及六所中學的香港教師。
結果: 本研究的結果顯示教師曾經使用不同種類的評估策略，包括測驗、考試及專題計劃等。當教師選擇評估策略的時候，有一些外在的力量使他們傾向於選擇「知識取向」。
結論: 有需要增強相關的做法，令教師擺脫這些限制，使「用評估量度知識」與「用評估學習和理解」之間取得平衡。
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