This paper reports a qualitative study of how 4 skilled pre-service physical education teachers, who were attending the final year of a four-year full-time Bachelor of Educaion Degree programme, perceived their learning-to-learn experiences of TGFU. Attached to Lawson's occupational socialisation and interpretive inquiry perspective, data were collected through interviewing and writing of critical incidents. Although all participants perceived TGfU positively as a viable approach of PE instruction contributing to pupils' cognitive development and providing fun, they only regarded their socialization of TGfU experience as pedagogical knowledge in the form of teaching procedures which could map well with the current education reform in Hong Kong. Thus, half of them showed hesitation of adopting the model in their future teaching. They were troubled by the anticipated practicality problems and the impacts of their anticipatory socialization. The inadequacy of "tactical knowledge" of individual games threw them into confusion. They could not be sure whether the games education should be oriented towards "cognitive" or "skill" and whether it should focus on "technical" of "thinking" dimensions. They felt doubtful about whether the learning sequence of games should be from "tactic-to-technique" or from "technique-to-tactic". To such an extent, pre-service PE teachers should be acquainted with in-depth theoretical understanding of TGfU and equipped with tactical skills concerning the games they teach.
[Copyright © 2006 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

In Hong Kong, the Education Commission has presented in 2000 a series of recommendations for reforming the education system. The focus of this paper is on the curriculum reform from which Physical Education (PE) is being affected in the education reform exercise. Highlighted in the analysis is the relationship between the education reform and a critical component of PE, games activities, which play a heavy weighting in the PE curriculum. More importantly, in the last decade, an innovative games teaching approach, Teaching Games for understanding (TGFU), was introduced in Hong Kong and has created a strong impact on Hong Kong PE teachers. The purpose of this paper is to review to what extend this new approach can echo the education reform towards the 21st century. The analysis reveals that the philosophy of TGFU is in line with the new curriculum reform and does contribute greatly to the development of studentsí cognitive experience, particularly problem-solving and decision-making skills as well as enjoyment from which they are highlighted by the Education Commission as generic skills, and value and attitudes components.
[Copyright © 2004 Xunta de Galicia.]

One of the roles of music teacher education is to produce music teachers with proficiencies in delivering music education at different educational levels. The impact of the development of IT in education in Hong Kong has been tremendous. The Hong Kong Education Department and the teacher education institutions are urging teachers in every discipline (including music) to apply the technology to a certain proportion of teaching and learning. Teacher proficiency requirements in IT have been developed quickly. As such, the philosophy that has prompted the inclusion of technology in music teacher education must be evident. The paper aims to investigate some aspects of the philosophy behind promoting IT to a level of such importance. A paradigm shift has come about in the approaches of teaching and learning from teacher-centered to student-centered for a range of reasons including the advent of IT. The teacher has to take on more of a facilitator role in stimulating students to learn how to learn rather than teaching what to learn. This aligns with the advocacy of flexible and life-long learning which are prevailing thoughts in the education world nowadays. These generic values are to be considered with the more unique values of IT in music teacher education. A new philosophy could imply more drastic changes in education in the near future. This could affect music teacher education as well as music education. The issues of how far a philosophy will induce quality learning and whether this application of IT could equate to quality teaching are to be considered. In a world which calls for reflective thinking as well as quality assurance and excellence, it is hoped that this paper will contribute to the discussion on the philosophy of the application of IT in music teacher education.
[Copyright © 2001 Aichi University of Education.]

The sports physiology support provided for the Hong Kong elite athletes at the Hong Kong Sports Institute includes a range of physiological tests, including body composition assessment, respiratory functions, joint mobility, aerobic and anaerobic power, lactate velocity curve, and the concentration of various blood metabolites. Sports-specific testing in soccer, rowing, badminton, squash, gymnastics, table tennis, canoeing, windsurfing and wheelchair marathon have been constructed to assess the specific demand of those sports. Individual tolerance to lactic acid during different exercise intensities is evaluated. The purpose of this work is to provide coaching with more information relating to the intensities of effort of training and competitions so that factors which are important for athletic success can be identified. A data bank of physiological profiles of over 400 Hong Kong elite athletes and Hong Kong teams involved in 23 different sports has been established on computer so that instaneous information is ready available to both coach and athletes. The sports physiology staff attempt to provide the testing services at least three to four times per micro-training cycle, roughly corresponding to pre-season, mid season, and peak condition. Training intensities and recovery periods are continuously adjusted upon the observation made in testing, training and competition sessions. Biochemical monitoring of various blood parameters such as Hb, CPK and urea are obtained at rest and after exercise to detect overstraining, which has become a major problem, resulting in injuries, physical exhaustion, reduced performance and psychological burn out.

This paper attempts to draw connections between physical education and sports science with the application to teaching of physical education, sports and physical activities in schools in particular. Discussions and illustrations of relevant issues are provided with respect to: (a) historical perspective of the development, progress and linkage of physical education and sports science with reference to definitions, goals and objectives, and body of knowledge, (b) application and integration of sports science disciplines such as exercise physiology, sports nutrition, sports psychology and sports biomechanics in relation to physical education, and (c) the new state-of-the-art Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, the Hong Kong Institute of Education - an attempt to bridge the gap.
[Copyright © 2001 The Hong Kong Institute of Education.]

中、小學體育教師在全面實施素質教育，培養具有創新精神和實踐能力的新型人材中扮演著重要的角色。高等師範院校體育教育專業則是培養和訓練這支跨世紀新型體育師資隊伍的搖籃。如何在體育教育專業的教學大綱和課程設置中體現實踐的重要性，創造機會讓學生走出課堂，通過觀摩、交流和實踐的手段來提高其教學能力，是關係到能否培養出適應未來挑戰的中小學體育師資的關鍵。本文介紹了香港教育學院體育及運動科學系舉辦的首次體育沉浸課程 (Immersion Program)(中國─江蘇) 2002 交流活動，並就該課程的目標、內容、效果進行了分析，及在對香港中、小學體育教學的現狀與內地體育教學進行了比較後，作者探討了香港體育教育專業教學改革的方向，並提出了一些可行的建議，以供香港體育工作者參考。
[Copyright © 2003 Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University.]

本文先簡述英國及中國的學校體育的歷史背景，再透過筆者在香港從事體育教育工作多年累積的經驗及所見所聞，拋磚引玉，為香港學校體育空白的歷史填上一筆的同時，藉此提出一些香港學校體育在課程發展及教學上所遇到的問題，與體育工作者共同探討。
[Copyright © 1999 Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University.]