The sports physiology support provided for the Hong Kong elite athletes at the Hong Kong Sports Institute includes a range of physiological tests, including body composition assessment, respiratory functions, joint mobility, aerobic and anaerobic power, lactate velocity curve, and the concentration of various blood metabolites. Sports-specific testing in soccer, rowing, badminton, squash, gymnastics, table tennis, canoeing, windsurfing and wheelchair marathon have been constructed to assess the specific demand of those sports. Individual tolerance to lactic acid during different exercise intensities is evaluated. The purpose of this work is to provide coaching with more information relating to the intensities of effort of training and competitions so that factors which are important for athletic success can be identified. A data bank of physiological profiles of over 400 Hong Kong elite athletes and Hong Kong teams involved in 23 different sports has been established on computer so that instaneous information is ready available to both coach and athletes. The sports physiology staff attempt to provide the testing services at least three to four times per micro-training cycle, roughly corresponding to pre-season, mid season, and peak condition. Training intensities and recovery periods are continuously adjusted upon the observation made in testing, training and competition sessions. Biochemical monitoring of various blood parameters such as Hb, CPK and urea are obtained at rest and after exercise to detect overstraining, which has become a major problem, resulting in injuries, physical exhaustion, reduced performance and psychological burn out.