背景： 教統局檢討中學教學語言政策，提出微調的方案。
目的： 本文主要是為回應中學教學語言微調政策而寫。
論點： 文中指出主要有經濟、政治和教育三個因素影響著中學使用何種教學語文，在正常情況下，經濟為主導因素，故1949年之前，學生多選讀中文中學，1950-97年間則選讀英文中學，惟政府在回歸時的強制性母語教學政策，將政治因素放在首位，引至近年中學教學語文的亂局。核心問題是：教育署(1989)將「中英混用方式來教學」和「校本分流教學語文調適」混淆，將「在雙語教學的世界中，課堂上的講解多是英語輔以粵語，書面語才是全英文」這種學習第二語時的必經過程，貿然定性為錯誤。
總結：要解救現今中學教學語文的困境，校本分流中學教學語言微調政策應是溫和的良方。
Background: The Education Bureau reviewed the on medium of instruction in secondary schools and proposed the fine-tuning of policy.
Aim: This article is in response to the fine-tuning policy of medium of instruction.
Exposition: The economic, political and educational factors were found to be the main ones influencing the choice of medium of instruction in secondary schools. In particular, the economic factor was found to be the dominant one under normal situations. Before 1949, students chose to study in Chinese middle schools. They switched to choose Anglo-Chinese secondary schools during 1950-97. The scene has been seriously distorted recently due to the Government's strong policy of imposing mother tongue education to a majority of secondary schools after 1997. Parents, students, and educators are unhappy about the Government's explicit intervention. Crucial issue: the Education Department (1989) mixed up the [mixed code teaching] and [school based mixed mode teaching according to subjects and levels]. They wrongly concluded the auxiliary use of Chinese in some English medium class were unacceptable which is against the general trend of linguistic development of students.
Conclusion: The fine-tuning policy of medium of instruction, particularly the school based mixed mode teaching according to subjects and levels, language streaming within school will be a moderate but good way to resolve the dilemma of medium of instruction in secondary schools.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934

背景：香港的中學正面對334新學制及課程改革的挑戰，完善學校的策略發展規劃能有助減低這些變革對學校帶來的衝擊和影響。
目的：探討影響香港資助中學策略發展規劃的因素，並就如何完善學校策略發展規劃作出建議。
調查方法：隨機向香港一百位資助中學的校長寄發問卷，成功收回五十二份有效問卷。
調查結果：經線性回歸模型分析研究後發現，將校本評估的建議列入學校發展重點，鼓勵教師參與發展規劃，提供教師培訓均與學校策略發展規劃的效能相關。
總結：把校本評估機制緊扣學校發展規劃，提升教師專業能力，讓他們共同參與規劃，這樣學校可以更有效地面對教育改革所帶來的衝擊和影響。
Background: Secondary schools in Hong Kong are facing the challenge of implementing the 334 New Senior Secondary and curriculum reform, improving the mechanism of school strategic development planning could reduce the impact and influence of these change.
Aims: This paper aims to investigate the factors affecting strategic development planning of aided secondary schools in Hong Kong, and to suggest ways to improve the mechanism of school strategic development planning.
Survey methods: 100 aided schools in Hong Kong were selected randomly in this survey, 52 principals took part in the questionnaires survey.
Results: Results of the multiple regression analysis show that considering the recommendations from school-based evaluation, encouraging teacher participation, and providing teacher training relate to the effectiveness of school strategic development planning.
Conclusion: By linking the school-based evaluation mechanism with the strategic development planning, improving teacher professional competency and involving teacher in school planning, schools can effectively tackle the impact and challenge resulted from the education reform.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

目的: 本文創作目的是用日常概括見聞事例，淺易地介紹錯綜體科學治學方法——重視的是全盤思維方式、依賴對整體形態格局 (whole pattern) 的描述、並常用隱喻 (metaphor) 的手法去說明相關整體形態佈局的整合相容邏輯。景觀意念圖是一項常用的工具。本文創作的場景是「可持續發展教育」課程的設計爭議，作為闡述應用動態或變系統理論的載體。
背景: 課程改革工程在全球各地，各大城市進行得如火如荼。校本課程，中央公訂新學科，跨學科研習等 推陳出新；一些課程帶地區局限性、難以推廣；一些只是曇花一現，最諷刺的是一部份課程在試教研究宣告成功後便壽終正寢。
「環保」之後有「全球化」(Globalization) 這些議題走進教室。近年我們探討「全球暖化」(Global warming)，「可持續發展教育」(Sustainable Development Education) 等問題。孰先孰後，在時間的巨輪中，沒有遲或早的問題；但怎樣設計才可以在云云創新中突顯價值而成立，然後又在長江後浪推前浪的定律下生存下來呢？
討論: 作者試圖從「混沌理論」 (Chaos theory)，「錯綜體理論」(Complexity heories) 和「動態或變系統理論」 (Dynamical Systems Theory) 去理解新行業、新學科或學術研究興趣潮流的生命演變，從而推敲設計「可持續發展教育」課程應有的策略 —— 要含新技能元素、並且跨學科。更進一步推論包含錯綜體理論元素 (連串本不相關事件可因機緣互相抵銷或隨正回饋無限擴張、並產生革命性轉變) 和動態或變系統概念 ( 因時間引進的變數考慮 ) 進入「可持續發展教育」課程設計的必要性。
Aim: This article is intended to be a layman introduction to the methodology commonly used in complexity science studies, emphasizes holistic consideration, description on the entire pattern against bits and pieces of sectional analysis, use of metaphors to build up integration of ostensibly incompatible features such as simultaneous co-existence of land and rivers, hills and valleys in the landscape portraits, a popular tool in complexity studies. The setting of analysis used in this article falls in the arena of recent hot debate on how curriculum on Sustainable Development Education should be designed, a vehicle to illustrate application of Dynamical Systems Theory.
Background: Curriculum re-engineering has been around for decades throughout the world; school-based curricula, innovative central curricula, inter-disciplinary projects, to name but a few. Some did not last long because of territorial biases; some made a fad and faded. The irony lay in the immediate demise of projects that claimed a success in their pilot run. We had topics like environment conservation, globalization, followed by global warming infiltrating the classrooms these past years. Now the limelight is on sustainable development. Is it late? That is not

香港的鄉村學校，歷史悠長，曾在香港的教育發展扮演重要的角色 1；隨著近年出生率下降，鄉村學校正面臨結束，然而，香港少數村校，在政府不准招收小學一年級的影響下仍有能力繼續接收從別校轉過來的「插班生」。本文將以兩所村校的經驗為個案，探討學生為何轉校？以及家長為何會選擇鄉村學校？調查發現村校的「學習的環境」和學生的「自尊感」是村校學生成績進步和個人成長的重要因素。本文指出：在香港的情境脈絡裡，傳統的「成本」、「效益」觀念需要進一步檢視和省思。
As the birth rate in Hong Kong declines constantly in recent years, many villages are going to be closed. However, many of them have played an active role in the educational development of Hong Kong. It is difficult to understand why some village schools still can enroll students from P.2 to P.6, although they have not been permitted to enroll P.1 students under the primary school enrolment policy of the government. The article, which takes two village schools as case study, intends to explore the questions that: Why students left their primary schools while studying? Why parents take village school as their own choice? Our survey finds that "learning environment" and "student self-esteem" are two main factors that have effects upon both academic results and personal development of the students in the village schools. It is purposed that the "cost-benefit analysis" needed to be revised in the local context in Hong Kong.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

教育統籌委員會第七號報告書為推動「優質學校教育」提出了不少的建議，包括確立質素保證架構，透過校本管理加強學校各主要成員的合作，以及推行學校自我評估來保證各校本身的質素。為了支援本港小學更好的發展校本評估機制，香港初等教育研究學會於2001-2002 年得到地區教師專業交流計劃的支持，與教育署合辦一個小學校本評估支援計劃，為了更好地推廣及利用上述的成果，香港初等教育研究學會又得到地區教師專業交流計劃的支持，於2002 年10 月至2003 年9 月推行「小學學校自我評估的行動研究與分享」計劃。是項計劃一共接納了九間學校參與，此論文將分享其中的實踐經驗及就學校自我評估提出一些推行建議。
The Education Commission Report No. 7 suggests focus on ways to improve school management and performance towards the provision of quality school education to better meet the needs of pupils. Internal quality assurance should be achieved through school-based management, participation of parents and teachers, and self-evaluation by schools. The Hong Kong Primary Education Research Association carries out a plan: Support Scheme for School-based Evaluation of Primary school to assist primary schools to develop their own school-based evaluation plans in 2001.Then the HKPERA gain another project: Sharing and Action research on School Selfevaluation in Primary School which is funded by District Teacher Network. This article aims to share the experience within nine participating schools and suggest ways for the implementing of self-evaluation in schools.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

Severe and Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) caused great crisis to Hong Kong between March and May 2003. Schools were suspended since 31 March. Classes resumed at different time for different levels mandated by central authority, senior secondary earliest and junior primary and kindergarten last. There were controversies over various operational issues in connection to school activities during this period, such as, whether teachers should be on duty in school or to avoid face-to-face contacts? Should schools with known suspected cases be named and made public? It was coincident that student teachers were in schools having their internship. Critical incidents raised query on the theory-in-use behind partnership between university and schools on teachers training. Various scenarios observed during this crisis period offer a window of opportunity to understand the complexity of decision-making in school administration in the light of the family of Complexity Theories.
二○○三年三月至五月期間，香港經歷嚴重的非典型肺炎危機。學校自三月三十日起停課。隨後由中央指令分級分期復課、高中先行、初小及幼稚園最後。這期間，學校各樣運作該如何進行、眾說紛紜。老師應否回校當值？學校如有懷疑疫症個案、應否通告公眾週知？疫症期間正值準老師駐校實習、大學與學校協作的活用理論實情又如何？危情境況開闢了一道視窗，供窺看錯綜體理論在學校行政決策上的應用。
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

This study investigated Participatory Decision-Making (PDM) in Hong Kong self-managing secondary schools. It also examined teachers' job satisfaction, organizational commitment, role ambiguity and role conflict in relation to PDM. A questionnaire survey involving 959 teachers from 214 schools was conducted. Principal components analysis was used to study the underlying subscales of teachers' PDM and their affective work outcomes. Correlational analysis, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and multiple regression analysis were employed to examine the relationships between teachers' PDM and their affective work outcomes.
Two decision domains (managerial and teaching) emerged in Hong Kong secondary schools. Teachers were generally more involved in PDM in the teaching domain than the managerial domain. Teachers from School Management Initiative (SMI) schools had greater participation in managerial decisions than non-SMI schools, but there was no significant difference in PDM between SMI and non-SMI teachers in decisions related to teaching.
Non-SMI teachers were more decisionally deprived in both the managerial and teaching domains than were SMI teachers. However, both SMI and non-SMI teachers were more decisionally deprived in the managerial domain than the teaching domain. For both managerial and teaching domains, principals' support for PDM was a significant positive predictor for teachers' actual participation. Six subscales of job satisfaction emerged from the analysis: work itself, supervision, colleagues, indirect participation in PDM, workload and responsibility. There were two subscales for organizational commitment which include present and future commitment.
No significant difference between SMI and non-SMI teachers emerged for any job satisfaction subscales except responsibility. SMI teachers were less satisfied with their sense of responsibility for teaching than non-SMI teachers. SMI teachers may have diverted some of their time and

Curriculum innovation has been regarded as an essential strategy for educational reform throughout the era of educational change. Because of the changing nature of the knowledge age, students need to develop ways of dealing with complex issues and problems that require different kinds of skills and knowledge that they have ever learned. Given the advancement of information and communications technologies (ICT), a number of models of learning communities have been advocated in recent years. Realizing the impact of this new learning culture, six primary schools in Hong Kong participated in a curriculum innovation project, in which students were engaged in building learning communities and constructing knowledge through Knowledge Forum, a computer mediated communication platform. This paper reports the results of data analysis based on interviews of principals, teachers, and students to explore how the innovation initiated a change in learning culture as well as the leadership issues arising from the project implementation.
近年的教育改革當中，課程革新已成為推動改革的重要策略。由於工作和社會本質的改變，人們需要發展不同種類的知識去解決複雜的問題，所需的知識可能是他們未曾接觸過的。隨著資訊及通訊科技的發展，近年提倡了不少學習社群的學術模型建議。六所香港的小學在體會到這種新的學習文化的影響，參加一項課程革新計劃，其中學生利用知識論壇(一種電腦仲介傳播的工具)從事知識建構和建立學習社群。這研究報告根據校長、教師和學生的訪談分析，探索課程革新如何推動學習文化的改變以及推行當中的領導問題。
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]