背景：2000年，香港課程發展議會發表《學會學習‧學習領域‧中國語文教育〈諮詢文件〉》。提出2002年後在中學階段實施加強文學元素的新修訂中國語文課程，同時，為了加強學習內容的聯繫，高中階段也可以開設綜合的中國語文課程，其中包括現在中國語文、中國文學、中國語文及文化和普通話各科的學習；或為對文學有濃厚興趣的學生開設選修的中國文學增潤課程，以發展學生多方面的學習興趣與專門能力。因此，還須重新審視科目分合，考慮在高中階段是否仍然保留中國文學科作為選修科。
In the year 2000, the Hong Kong Curriculum Development Council published a consultation document "Learning to Learn: the Way Forward in Curriculum Development" on the Key Learning Area (KLA) of the Chinese Language Education. It was suggested strengthening the literature elements in the above KLA, and advised that an integrated Chinese Language curriculum to be offered in the senior secondary education. The new curriculum framework includes Chinese Language, Chinese Literature, Chinese Language and Culture and Putonghua, which currently are separated subjects in school curriculum. In addition, it was suggested that enrichment programmes on Chinese Literature to be provided to meet the learning needs of students who have keen interest in this area. In view of the above proposals in the consultation document, the issue of whether offering Chinese Literature as an elective subject in the current senior secondary school curriculum needs to be carefully considered.
[Copyright of New Horizons: The Journal of Education, Hong Kong Teachers' Associationl is the property of Hong Kong Teachers' Association at http://www.hkta1934.org.hk/]

This is an abridged report on an exploratory research project on the suitability of Andragogy and Action Learning approaches to management education for local adult learners. Adult learners of the Open University of Hong Kong (OUHK) taking hig her-lever courses in business and management were invited as respondents. The objectives were to find out respondents' predominant learning styles, learning preferences, motivation of study and possible influence of local Chinese culture which might have impact on the suitability of the two approaches and management education. The research findings revealed that the predominant learning styles and learning preferences were mainly the Reflector style and Reflective activities, compatible with the general expectation and stereotype of local Chinese learners as discussed elsewhere in various literature, local and overseas. It appeared that Chinese culture would have some impact on the learning styles of local learners. However, the preliminary attempt to est ablish a closer link/relationship between the local Chinese culture and the learning styles by using Hofstede's cultural framework and Honey and Mumford's learning styles typology was inconclusive. The study nevertheless did reveal that the Andragogy and Action Learning approaches were not very much in favour as most features of these approaches did not quite match the predominant learning style, predominant learning preferences or the most important motivation of study of the respondents.
本研究利用問卷調查《運用成人學習方式》及《行動學習法於管理 教育》對本地成人學生的恰當性。目的是探討調查對象的主要學習風格，學習偏好， 學習動機及本地中國文化對該兩種學習法運用於管理教育方面的可能影響。 調查顯示學生的主要學習風格及喜好是沉思型及思考類型的學習方／活動，與一般 海內外公認的華人學習形式（Chinese learning stereotypes）相同。似乎支持中國 文化對學習風格及喜好有一定影響的論點。調查嘗試以Honey & Mumford的學習風格 類別（Learning style typology）及Hofstede的文化指標（cultural framework） 進一步探討中國文化與學習風格的關係， 但沒有肯定結論。無論如何，調查結果顯示《成人學習》及《行動學習法》兩種 學習方式，整體來說並不符合學生的主要學習風格，喜好甚至動機。如果上述調查 結果可以一般化，則《成人學習》及《行動學習法》兩種學習方式，對本港成人學 生來說，學習效果（effectiveness）並不高；但從管理教育方面考慮，上述兩種 方法仍有可取之處（usefulness）

As part of a major study that investigated the quality of school education in Hong Kong, this study assessed the quality of schooling in Band 5 secondary schools. If the quality of school education is to be enhanced, students' views of the quality of school life and their reactions to school should be examined. With reference to the Australian model and subscales of quality of school life, a sample of 2460 students from three selected Band 5 secondary schools was surveyed. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the data to explore the multidimensionality of quality of school life and the existence of subscales. The research contributes to provide insights to understand Band 5 schools and hints to assure the quality of education. Findings show that sense of achievement was not evident in the students' views of quality of school life and sense of opportunity had no effects on students' general satisfaction and negative affects. To promote the quality of education in schools which have admitted a great proportion of Band 5 students, enhancing teacher-students relations, strengthening social integration, and improving adventurous experience in the classroom are the effective strategies.
在制定提升學校教育質素政策和措施時，我們必須考慮學生對學校生活質素的觀感和他們對學校的反應。這篇文章報告香港「第五組」學校的學生對學校生活質素的觀感和反應。來自三所第五組學校的2460名學生參加了是項研究，回答了一份有關學校生活質素的問卷。經由統計學之因子分析法和直線回歸法分析資料後，證明學生對學校生活質素的概念是多層次和多度向的。研究結果顯示，第五組學校的學生在學校生活上缺乏成功感，對學業前途並不存有希望。如要提升第五組學校學生的學校生活質素，學校應增強師生關係，促進社群融合和改善學生在課堂上的經歷。
[Copyright of Asian Journal of Counselling is the property of The Hong Kong Professional Counselling Association at http://www.hkpca.org.hk/]

Background: Most previous research on beliefs on language learning (BALLs) has been focusing on tertiary level learners. Information of learners of other backgrounds is extremely lacking.
Aim: To identify the BALL patterns of Chinese ESL learners undertaking vocational education in the Hong Kong context and to explore the possible influences on their BALLs.
Sample: Questionnaires were administered to 243 Chinese ESL learners undertaking vocational education in Hong Kong.
Method: Surveys on the Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI) were conducted and descriptive analyses were performed.
Results: Results indicate that respondents endorsed the existence of a specialized ability on language learning. They believed in the existence of foreign language aptitude, but did not agree that they had a special ability of learning foreign language. Respondents regarded English a language of medium difficulty. One hour a day for one to two years was regarded as necessary for speaking the target language well. The learning of vocabulary and grammar were regarded as important, and respondents viewed foreign language learning as different from learning other academic subjects. Respondents were overwhelming in their view that it is best to learn English in an English-speaking country. In addition, they endorsed the importance of excellent pronunciation, repetition, practicing, guessing word meanings, and were tolerant of making mistakes in speaking. Finally, there existed a high level of motivation among the respondents, with instrumental motivation being more prevalent than integrative motivation.
Conclusion: Certain learner characteristics and features of the socio-linguistic context of the Hong Kong society are suggested to contribute to the unique BALL patterns of this group of learners. Several implications for teaching in light of the findings are suggested.
背景：過往大部份關於語言學習觀念的研究，對象為大專學生。現時關於其他背景的學生在這方面的資料很缺乏。
目的：找出在香港正接受職業教育的學生對語言學習的觀念

Background: Recognizing that arts education is important in facilitating learning and in enhancing creativity in students, recent education reform in Hong Kong has sought to promote arts education and efforts to encourage creative expression through different art forms. Among different modes of creative arts expression, drawing has been suggested as the best choice for allowing creative expression by students with high ability in visual arts. Therefore, the connection between students' drawing and creativity warranted investigation.
Aims: This study explored the drawing abilities and creativity of Chinese students in Hong Kong based on their drawing performance, and examined their connection in relation to students' self-perceived artistic characteristics and involvement in drawing activities.
Sample: 105 Hong Kong Chinese primary and secondary school students, nominated by their schools to participate in the gifted programs of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, participated voluntarily in this study.
Method: Students completed two drawing tasks adapted from Clark's Drawing Abilities Test and a self-report questionnaire that included the Artistic Characteristics Scale of the Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students and the Drawing Activity Checklist. The drawings were rated on students' drawing abilities and creativity by three Chinese visual artists as expert judges.
Results: Judges agreed more on their ratings on students' drawing abilities than on students' creativity. Judged drawing abilities and creativity were found to be moderately but significantly correlated. While judged drawing abilities were found to correlate significantly with students' self-reported artistic characteristics and drawing activities, judged creativity was found to correlate minimally with these variables.
Conclusion: This study provided supportive evidence on the connection between drawing abilities and creativity. The findings

Background: Creativity is associated with many pet beliefs, unfounded or based on limited personal experiences and observations.
Aims: The intention of the present study is to take the research one step backward to look at possible antecedents of beliefs regarding creativity, as such knowledge has implications for education where creativity is concerned. The present study attempts at uncovering the beliefs regarding various aspects of creativity among tertiary students in Hong Kong.
Sample: Students (N=139) from a teacher education institute (67.6%) and a university (32.4%) in Hong Kong were asked to complete a questionnaire about beliefs in creativity. Participation was voluntary and the respondents were assured of anonymity. As the respondents formed a convenient sample (as is true of many studies of similar nature), no representation is claimed.
Method: A questionnaire of 30 items that included 15 aspects of beliefs in creativity was presented to the respondents in the form of a series of six-point Likert scales. To avoid possible carrying-over effect, the two items for the same aspect were separated systematically, with items for the other aspects intervening. Surveys were conducted and the general written responses received from the respondents were tabulated.
Results: The respondents agreed more strongly that creativity (a) is dependent of culture, (b) is the result of consistent effort, (c) can be found in everyone, and (d) is general across many fields. On the other hand, they disagreed that creativity has to do with gender and birth order. Five aspects were dropped due to inappropriate reliability.
Conclusion: In view of the complexity of the findings, efforts in developing creativity in tertiary students need to take into account their demographic backgrounds so that correct beliefs can be further strengthened and incorrect ones can be rectified early in the creativity training programmes.
背景：創意常與一些無理由或根據有限的個人經驗和觀察的信念聯繫在一起